Gender Ideology

• Gender ideology - brings forth gender issue like inequality, discrimination, subordination, as well as the violence committed against women----rape, incest, and wife-battering.
• Gender bias - It refers to the discrimination which ranges from the exclusion of women from developing programs; it can also mean to wage discrimination and systematic violence against women.
• Gender bias - is a conviction that women exploitation, oppression and abused has to be eliminated.
• Sex

  • Biological Construct
  • Begins from conception
  • Male-Female
  • Definite, Relatively Fixed
  • Exclusive depending on the reproductive organs
• Gender

  • Social and cultural construct
  • Begins from birth
  • Masculine-Feminine
  • Changes across time, place, and culture
  • Learned behavior
• Determinant

  1. Male
  2. Female
• What is the gene/chromosome of male?

  XY
• What is the gene/chromosome of female?

  XX
• Hormone of male?

  Androgen
• Hormone of female?

  Estrogen
• Reproductive organs of male?

  Testosterone
• Reproductive organ of female?

  Progesterone
• External in male?

  2 testicles

  scrotum and penis
• External in female?

  Vulva

  vaginaa
• Internal in male?

  Prostate gland

  2 seminal vesicles

  2 tubes called vas deferens
• Internal in female?

  Uterus

  2 ovaries

  2 fallopian tubes
• We are meant not only to live our lives in harmony and unity- but also to live with others in harmony and unity. Since every human person is relational by nature, we need one another. We are social beings.
• We are meant to live in a relationship harmoniously, humanely, and honestly; to reach the fullness one can possibly attain. Discrimination , oppression, marginalization, and the like must not exist among people.
• Thus, the Philippines have laws for the protection of children and women’s rights the individual who are normally opposed and discriminated in our society.
• Article II Section 14 - The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.
• Article XII Section 14 - The State shall protect working women by providing safe and healthful working conditions, taking into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential in the service of the nation.
• Republic Act # 6725- Strengthening Prohibition on Discrimination against Women.
• RA 7192- An act Promoting The Integration Of Women as Full and Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation-Building and for other.
• RA 7877 - Lawson Sexual Harassment
• RA 8353 - Anti-Rape Law
• Family Code of the Philippines. The Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386 as Amended.
• THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ON WOMEN’S RIGHTS

  • Article II Section 14
  • Article XII Section 14
  • Republic Act # 6725
  • RA 7192
  • RA 7877
  • RA 8353
• The Philippines have laws for the protection of children and women's rights the individual who are normally opposed and discriminated in our society
• The 1987 Philippine Constitution on Women's Rights


  The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men
• The State shall protect working women by


  Providing safe and healthful working conditions, taking into account their maternal functions, and such facilities and opportunities that will enhance their welfare and enable them to realize their full potential in the service of the nation
• Laws on Women and Children's Rights


  • Republic Act # 6725 - Strengthening Prohibition on Discrimination against Women
  • RA 7192 - An act Promoting The Integration Of Women as Full and Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation-Building and for other Purposes
  • RA 7877 - Lawson Sexual Harassment
  • RA 8353 - Anti-Rape Law
  • Family Code of the Philippines
  • The Civil Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 386 as Amended
• Specific Child Protection Laws

  • Executive Order No. 51 - National Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes, Breast Milk Supplement and Other Related Products
  • Executive Order No. 58 - Authorizing the Ministry of Social Services and Development to Take Protective Custody of Child-Prostitutes and Sexually Exploited Children
  • Executive Order No. 275 - Creating Committee for the Special Protection from All Forms of Neglect, Abuse, Cruelty, Exploitation, Discrimination, and other Conditions Prejudicial T their Development
  • Republic Act No. 6655 - Free Secondary Education Act of 1988
  • Republic Act No. 6728 - Government Assistance to Learners and Teachers in Private Education Act
  • Republic Act No. 6809 - An Act Lowering the Age of Majority from Twenty-One to Eighteen Years Amending for the Purpose Executive Order No. 209, And For Other Purposes
  • Republic Act No. 7880 - Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act
  • Republic Act No. 8172 - An Act for Salt-Iodization Nationwide (ASIN)
  • Republic Act No. 8296 - An Act Declaring Every Secondary Sunday of December as the National Children's Broadcasting Day
  • Republic Act No. 8353 - Anti-Rape Law 0f 1997
  • Republic Act No. 8369 - Family Courts Act of 1997
  • Republic Act No. 8043 - Inter-Country Adoption Act 0f 1995
  • Republic Act No. 8044 - Youth in Nation-Building Act
  • Republic Act No. 8370 - Children's Television Act 0f 1997
  • Republic Act No. 8552 - Domestic Adoption Act 0f 1998
• Proclamations on Children's Concern


  • Proclamation No. 46 - Reaffirming the Commitment to the Universal Child and Mother Immunization Goal by Launching the Polio Eradication Project
  • Republic Act No. 6972 - Barangay Level Total Development and Protection of Children Act
  • Republic Act No. 7323 - An Act to Help the Poor but Deserving Learners in their Education by Encouraging Their Employment during summer and /or Philippine Vacation
  • Republic Act No. 7600 - The Roaming-In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992
  • Republic Act No. 7610 - Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination
  • Republic Act No. 7624 - An Act Integrating Drug Prevention And Control In The Intermediate Secondary Curricula As Well As In The Non-Formal, Informal, And Indigenous Learning Systems And For The Other Purposes
  • Republic Act 7658 - An Act Prohibiting the Employment of Children 15 years of Age and Below in Public and Private Undertakings
  • Republic Act 7797 - An Act to Lengthen the School Calendar from Two Hundred (200) Days to Not More Than Two Hundred Twenty (220) Class Days
  • Republic Act No. 7798 - An Act Amending Section 25 of Batas Pambansa 232, Otherwise known as "The Education Act"
  • Republic Act 7846 - An Act Requiring Compulsory Immunization Against Hepatitis- B for Infants And Children Below Eight (8) years old
  • Republic Act No. 74 - Declaring the 17th Day of October every year as the National Children's Month
  • Proclamation No. 267 - Declaring the month of October of every year as the National Children's Month
  • Proclamation No. 731 - Declaring the Second Week of February of every year as " National Awareness Seek for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation"
  • Proclamation No. 759 - Declaring the Fourth Week of March of every Year as "Protection and Gender – Fair Treatment of the Girl Child Week"
  • Proclamation No. 855 - Proclaiming the Adoption and Implementation of the Philippine Program of Action for Children in the 1990s
• Related Laws


  • Executive Order No. 340 - Directing National Government Agencies and Government – Owned and Controlled Corporations to provide Day- Care Services for their Employee's Children under Five years of Age
  • Executive Order No. 893 - Establishing the Sajid Bulig Presidential Awards for Heroism
  • Executive Order No. 421 - Further Amending Executive Order No. 203 Dated 27 September 1994, As Amended by Executive Order No. 356, Dated July
  • Related Provision of Executive Order No. 209 - The Family Code of the Philippines
  • Republic Act No. 7277 - Magna Carta of Disabled Persons
  • Related Provisions of Republic Act No. 7160 - The Local Government Code of 1991
  • Republic Act No. 8425 - Social Reform and Poverty Alleviation Act
  • Republic Act No. 8504 - Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998
  • Republic Act No. 8371 - The Indigenous People Rights Act of 1997
• We are meant not only to live our lives in harmony and unity- but also to live with others in harmony and unity. Since every human person is relational by nature, we need one another. We are social beings.
• We are meant to live in a relationship harmoniously, humanely, and honestly; to reach the fullness one can possibly attain. Discrimination , oppression, marginalization, and the like must not exist among people.
• • Executive Order No. 51 - National Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes, Breast Milk Supplement and Other Related Products
• • Executive Order No. 58 - Authorizing the Ministry of Social Services and Development to Take Protective Custody of Child-Prostitutes and Sexually Exploited Children
• • Executive Order No. 275 - Creating Committee for the Special Protection from All Forms of Neglect, Abuse, Cruelty, Exploitation, Discrimination, and other Conditions Prejudicial T their Development
• • Republic Act No. 6655 - Free Secondary Education Act of 1988