London docklands

• What was it:

  • poor area
  • was the biggest dock in Europe in 1996
  • ships became too big
  • london gateway and felixstow e docks replaced it
• Why:

  • 1978 - 83 = 12,000 jobs losses
  • 1971-81 = 100,000 population decrease
  • mechanisation caused jobs losses
  • all resulted in high unemployment
• what happened:

  • market led regeneration
  • low government intervention and lots of deregulation
  • Many TNCs with FDI
  • Bypassed local planning permissions in Greenwich and newham
  • elite workers
• Players involved:

  • National and local governments
  • London dockland development corporation (LDDC)
  • residents
  • TNCs - Barclays, HSBC, JP Morgan and Citi Bank