Imperial Policy

• Which position in the British Government was responsible for dealing with Empire?

  Colonial Secretary
• Which report moved Britain towards a system of ‘responsible government’ in the white settler colonies?

  The Durham Report
• What style of government did the Durham Report move Britain towards?

  Responsible government
• When was the Durham Report published?


  1838
• Which battle gave the East India Company effective control over India?

  Battle of Plassey
• When was the Battle of Plassey?

  1757
• When did India become a Crown Colony?

  1858
• What position was created in 1858 to oversee India?

  Viceroy
• Which position did Viceroy replace?

  Governor-General
• What was the India Council?

  A council which assisted the Secretary of State for India
• How many people made up the India Council?

  15
• When did Queen Victoria become Empress of India?

  1877
• What was the Doctrine of Lapse?


  The policy of Princely States falling under British rule when the line of descent ended
• What percentage of India was made of Princely States?

  40%
• How many Princely States were there?

  565
• How many people worked in the Indian Civil Service?

  1000
• What were the responsibilities of the Indian Civil Service?

  • Collect taxes

  • Maintain law

  • Run the courts
• What was the role of the Indian National Congress?

  It gave Indians a political forum to criticise the British rule
• Why was Britain concerned about Germany?

  It unified and started to build an empire in 1871
• Why was Britain concerned about France?

  It was an imperial rival and established a foothold in Indochina in the 1860s
• Why was Britain concerned about Russia?

  • It seemed to plan for imperial expansion in North China

  • Trans-Siberian railway began construction in 1891

  • Their empire had reached Afghanistan’s borders
• When was the Brussels Conference?

  1876
• What was agreed at the Brussels Conference?

  Africans were incapable of managing their raw materials so European intervention was necessary
• What was proposed at the Brussels Conference?

  International African Association
• What was established by the General Act at the Berlin Conference?

  Effective occupation
• When was the Berlin Conference?

  1884 - 1885
• How did the British establish an informal Empire in South America?

  Commercial agreements
• Where did the British establish informal empire in South America?

  Chile and Argentina
• What did the British use to maintain an informal empire in China?

  Force
• Which treaties did the British sign to gain trading bases in China?

  Nanking and Tientsin
• Define ‘divide and rule’

  Pointing out differences in a population to create internal conflict and govern more easily
• What criticisms did the Indian National Congress have of British rule?

  • Trading agreements

  • Restraints on industry

  • Heavy taxation
• Name three reforms introduced by Viceroy Curzon

  • Imperial Cadet Corps (1901)

  • Gold standard in India

  • North West Frontier Force to protect the Indian border from Russian advancements
• How did Curzon partition Bengal?

  He divided it into 2 provinces
• Where were the 2 provinces of Bengal?

  East and West
• Who mainly occupied East Bengal?

  Muslims
• Who mainly occupied West Bengal?

  Hindus
• Why were Hindus unhappy with the partition of Bengal?

  Land that they owned in the East was taken from them
• How did Hindus view the partition of Bengal?

  A punishment for speaking out against British rule
• What did the partition of Bengal lead to?

  Boycotts of British goods