LOCATING PLACES ON EARTH

• Celestial Navigation


  System of navigation by using of heavenly bodies as bases
• Celestial Navigation


  • During ancient times, locating places and telling directions depended largely on observation of celestial objects
  • The Greeks were the first to establish the first system of navigation
  • They invented imaginary lines to establish starting points in the globe
• Coordinate System


  • Arrangement of reference lines or imaginary lines on the globe
  • By means of coordinate system the position or location of any place on Earth's surface can be determined and described

  
• Equator


  • An imaginary line dividing the earth's surface into two hemispheres; Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere
  • The North Pole lies at 90°N and the South Pole lies at 90°S

  
• Latitude


  • Horizontal lines that go around the globe
  • Separates North or South location of any place on Earth
  • Equator is the starting point used in locating these lines
  • Measurements range only from 0° to 90° only

  
• Prime Meridian


  • An imaginary line dividing the earth's surface into two hemispheres; Western Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
  • Located at zero degree (0º) at Greenwich, England
  • The farthest point eastwards is expressed as 180°E and the farthest point westward is expressed as 180°W

  
• Longitude


  Distance east or west of the prime meridian (an imaginary line running from north to south through Greenwich, England)

  
• • By combining latitude and longitude, any location can be pinpointed
  • Latitude is written first and must always include N (north) or S (south) of the equator
  • Longitude is written next and must always include E (east) or W (west) of the prime meridian

  
• Latitude and Longitude


  The units that represent the coordinates at geographic coordinate system