finals

• Philippine Literature


  Works of literary merit, both written and oral, by the Filipino writers
• Philippine Literary Canon


  The collection of works representative of a certain genre and period written by canonical Filipino literary artists
• Canonical Author


  Writers whose works have been well-appreciated and considered representatives of certain genres of literature
• National Artist


  A Filipino citizen who has been given the rank and title of National Artist in recognition of his or her significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and letters
• Conferring the rank and title of National Artist

  1. Conferred by means of a Presidential Proclamation

  2. Recognizes excellence in the fields of Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film and Broadcast Arts, and Architecture or Allied Arts
• Order of National Artists


  The highest national recognition given to Filipinos who have made distinct contributions in the field of arts and letters
• Order of National Artists


  • A rank, a title, and a wearable award
  • Jointly administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)
  • Conferred by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions
• Insignia of the Order of the National Artists


  • A Grand Collar adorned by circular links representing the arts
  • The central badge is the main medallion divided into three equal portions, red, white, and blue, recalling the Philippine flag with three stylized letter Ks—the "KKK" stands for the CCP's motto: "katotohanan, kabutihan, at kagandahan" ("the true, the good, and the beautiful")
• The Order of National Artists was established by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 1001


  1972
• Criteria for the Order of National Artists

  • Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death
  • Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in building a Filipino sense of nationhood
  • Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists
  • Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style
  • Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through prestigious national and/or international recognition, critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works, and respect and esteem from peers
• Requirements for Nomination

  • A cover letter from the nominating organization
  • A duly accomplished nomination form
  • A detailed curriculum vitae of the nominee
  • A list of the nominee's significant works categorized according to the criteria
  • The latest photograph of the nominee
  • Pertinent information materials on the nominee's significant works
  • Copies of published reviews
  • Any other document that may be required
• National Artists in Lit

  • Amado V. Hernandez
  • Jose Garcia Villa
  • Nick Joaquin
  • Carlos P. Romulo
  • Francisco Arcellana
  • Rolando S. Tinio
  • N.V.M. Gonzales
  • Levi Celerio
  • Edith L. Tiempo
  • F. Sionil Jose
  • Virgilio S. Almario
  • Alejandro R. Roces
  • Bienvenido Lumbera
  • Lazaro Francisco
  • Cirilo F. Bautista
• Amado V. Hernandez


  A Filipino writer and labor leader known for his criticism of social injustices in the Philippines and was later imprisoned for his involvement in the communist movement
• Notable Works of Amado V. Hernandez

  • "Mga Ibong Mandaragit"
  • "Bayang Malaya"
  • "Isang Dipang Langit"
  • "Luha ng Buwaya"
• Jose Garcia Villa


  A Filipino writer poet, literary critic, short story writer, and painter, known as the 'Comma Poet' because of his extensive use of punctuation marks especially comma
• Notable Works of Jose Garcia Villa

  • The Anchored Angel
  • The Emperor's New Sonnet
  • Footnote to Youth
• Nick Joaquin

  A Filipino writer, historian, and journalist, best known for his short stories and novels in the English Language, considered as the most important Filipino writer in English, and the third most important overall, after Jose Rizal and Claro M. Recto
• Notable Works of Nick Joaquin

  • "The Woman Who Had Two Navels"
  • "A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino: An Elegy in the Three Scenes"
  • "Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young"
  • "The Ballad of the Five Battles"
  • "Rizal in Saga: A Life for the Student Fans
  • "Almanac for Manileños"
  • "Cave and Shadows"
• Carlos P. Romulo


  A Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and author, the ONLY Asian awardee of Pulitzer Prize in Journalism for a series of articles forecasting the outbreak of World War II
• Notable Works of Carlos P. Romulo

  • I Saw the Fall of the Philippines (1942)
  • Mother America (1943)
  • My Brother Americans (1945)
  • I See the Philippines Rise (1946)
  • Crusade in Asia (1955)
  • The Magsaysay Story (1956)
  • I Walk with Heroes (1961)
  • Identity and Change (1965)
• Francisco Arcellana

  A Filipino writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist and teacher, considered as one of the pioneers of modern Filipino Short Story in English
• Notable Works of Francisco Arcellana


  • "Death in a Factory" (Fiction)
  • "A Clown Remembers" (Fiction)
  • "Divided by Two" (Fiction)
  • "The Other Woman" (Poems)
  • "To Touch You" (Poems)
  • "I Touched Her" (Poems)
• Rolando S. Tinio


  A Filipino poet, dramatist, director, actor, critic, essayist, and educator, National Artist for Theater and Literature, known for translating Western classics into Tagalog to advance the Filipino language
• Notable Works of Rolando S. Tinio


  • "Now and Forever"
  • "Gamitin Mo Ako"
  • "Bayad Puri"
  • "Milagros"
  • "Ang Mestisa"
  • "Ako"
  • "Ang Kiri"
  • "Ana Maria"
  • "Orosman at Zafira"
  • "Larawan"
• N.V.M. Gonzales


  A famed poet, short story writer, essayist, professor, and recipient of numerous recognitions
• Notable Works of N.V.M. Gonzales


  • "The Winds of April" (1941)
  • "A Season of Grace" (1956)
  • "The Bamboo Dancers" (1988)
  • "Bread of Salt"
• Levi Celerio


  A highly talented lyricist, with more than 4,000 songs under his name, also known as an excellent leaf player, using a leaf to create music as cited by the Guinness Book of World Records
• Notable Translated and Own Works of Levi Celerio


  • "O Maliwanag na Buwan"
  • "Ako ay May Singsing"
  • "Alibangbang"
• Edith L. Tiempo


  A poet, short story writer, novelist, literary critic, and teacher, together with her husband Edilberto K. Tiempo, founded the Silliman University Writers Workshop - Asia's longest running writer's workshop held in Dumaguete
• Notable Works of Edith L. Tiempo


  • "The Little Marmoset"
  • "Bonsai"
  • A Blade of Fern
  • The Native Coast
  • The Alien Corn
  • The Tracks of Babylon and Other Poems
  • The Charmer's Box and Other Poems
  • Abide
  • Joshua
• F. Sionil Jose


  One of the most widely read Filipino Writers in English Language, his novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino Society
• Notable Works of F. Sionil Jose


  • "The Pretenders"
  • "Tree"
  • "My Brother"
  • "My Executioner"
  • "Mass"
  • "Po-on"
• Virgilio S. Almario


  Better known by his pen name, RIO ALMA, a Filipino artist, poet, critic, translator, editor, teacher, and cultural manager, his translation of Jose Rizal's Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo are considered as the best version
• Notable Works of Virgilio S. Almario


  • "Makinasyon"
  • "Peregrinasyon"
  • "Dokreinang Anakpawis (trilogy)
  • "Mga Retrato at Rekwerdo"
  • "Muli, sa Kandungan ng Lupa"
• Alejandro R. Roces


  An exceptional writer of comic short stories, served as a Secretary of Education from 1961-1965 and as the Chairman of MTRCB in 2001
• Notable Works of Alejandro R. Roces


  • "My Brother's Peculiar Chicken"
• Bienvenido Lumbera


  A Filipino poet, critic and dramatist, widely acknowledged as one of the pillars of contemporary Philippine literature, cultural studies and film
• Notable Works of Bienvenido Lumbera


  • Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa
  • Balaybay: Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang
  • Sa Sariling Bayan: Apat na Dulang May Musika
  • Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita
  • Pakikiramay
• Lazaro Francisco


  Considered to be an icon in Tagalog writing through his nationalist and social criticisms, Master of the Tagalog Novel
• Notable Works of Lazaro Francisco


  • Binhi at Bunga
  • Ama, Bayang Nagpatiwakal
  • Maganda Pa Ang Daigdig
  • Daluyong
  • Sa Paanan ng Krus
  • Ang Pamana ng Pulubi
  • Deo
  • Ang Idolo
  • Kapulungan ng mga Pinagpala