Fat

• Functions:

  • Source of energy
  • Provides essential fatty acids
  • Absorption of vit. A, D, E, K (Fat soluble)
  • Production of hormones
• General structure: Fatty acids + Glycerol
• • Fatty acids = Carboxylic acids; either be saturated/ unsaturated with hydrogen atoms
  • Unsaturated: One double bond between carbon atoms
  • Polyunsaturated: Multiple double bonds
  • Trans-fat: Unsaturated fats; Contain trans (not cis) double bonds because of manufacturing process
• • Total fat cannot be > 30% total energy intake
  • Saturated fat < 10%
  • Fat: High in energy; 1 g = 9 kcal (37 kJ) of energy
• • Energy intake > Energy expenditure: Fat stored in body; no limit to storage
  • Reduce saturated fat = Reduce risk of heart disease & hypercholesterolemia