cold war 2

• Give a reason why there were so many refugees wanting to leave East Germany and move to West Germany.

  Communist regime unpopular secret police monitoring
• How many refugees moved to West Germany by 1958? 

  3 million
• Name a demand of the Berlin Ultimatum in November 1958.

  Berlin should be demilitarised and

  troops withdraw Berlin should become a free city
• Name the summit meetings between 1959 – 61.

  Geneva May 1959; Camp David September 1959; Paris May 1960; Vienna June 1961
• Which East German leader encouraged Khrushchev to build the Berlin wall?

  Ulbricht
• How long was the Berlin Wall?

  165 km
• Name an impact of the construction of the Berlin Wall.

  Streets cut in half friends and family split up; around 130 killed while trying to cross;
• What was the name of Kennedy’s famous speech made in Berlin?

  Ich bin ein Berliner
• Who took over Cuba’s government in January 1959?

  Fidel Castro

  Che Guevara
• What was banned by the USA in October 1960?

  All trade with Cuba
• When was the Bay of Pigs incident?

  17th April 1961
• Who made up the invasion force at the Bay of Pigs and how many were involved?

  Cuban exiles - around 1,400
• Give a reason why the Bay of Pigs invasion was a failure.

  Volunteers had little military experience;
• What was an effect of the Bay of Pigs incident? 

  Relations between the USSR and Cuba became stronger
• What did an American U2 spy plane take a picture of on 14th October 1962?

  Launch pads for nuclear ballistic missiles
• What had NATO based in Turkey which angered the USSR

  Missiles
• When were the Thirteen Days?

  16 – 28 October 1962
• What was set up around Cuba on 22nd October 1962?

  Naval blockade
• What happened on 24th October 1962?

  Soviet ships reached the naval blockade

  around Cuba and turned around
• Name a step taken after the Cuban Missile Crisis to avoid war in the future.

  A hotline was set up between Washington and Moscow
• Who was elected as First Secretary of the Czech Communist Party in 1968?

  Alexander Dubcek
• Name a reform made under the Prague Spring.

  Censorship was relaxed
• When did the Prague Spring end?

  20th August 1968
• Why did the Prague spring end?

  500,000 Warsaw pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia (ordered by Brezhnev)
• What happened to Dubcek?

  Arrested, sent to Moscow, dismissed

  from office and replaced by Husak (a hardline communist)
• How did the west react to Brezhnev’s actions in Czechoslovakia?

  His actions were seen as an aggressive attempt to dominate another country
• What did the Brezhnev doctrine prevent?

  Communist countries introducing reforms to make their country more liberal