first day

• Focus Group


  Moderator led discussion
• In depth Interview


  Interview with a single individual
• Dyads, triads

  In depth interview with 2 or three people
• Paired interviews


  Consecutive or interlocking interviews
• Observations


  Manipulated by the researcher
• Interview


  Explore the views, experience, beliefs and motivation of individuals
• Structured interview


  Verbally administered questionnaires
• Unstructured interview


  Do not reflect any pre-conceived theories or ideas
• Semi-structured interview


  Areas to be explored
• Historical Method


  Interpret events in the light of present situation
• Ethnography


  Define as the environment or setting
• Phenomenology


  Experience on earth as a person
• Case study


  WHY SUCH CREATURE ACTS, BEHAVES
• Grounded theory


  Conceptualize and create a theory grounded
• Locale of the study


  The setting of the study
• Population and sampling technique

  • Population
  • Sampling
• Population


  Including all people or items
• Sampling


  The basis of sample drown from it
• Three elements in process of sampling

  • Selecting the sample
  • Collecting the information
  • Making inference about population
• Purposive sampling


  depends on The judgement of the investigator
• Quota sampling


  Selection depends on the personal judgement
• Snowball sampling


  Sample characteristics is rare
• Simple random sampling


  Equal opportunity of being selected
• Data Gathering


  The procedure of collecting
• Research Instrument


  A tool used to obtain measure and analyze
• Questionnaire

  • Closed form
  • Open form
• Closed form


  Limited choice of answer
• Open form


  It consist a number of question
• Interview

  Oral questionnaire
• Checklist


  The simplest device
• Observation

  Through the senses: sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch
• Statistical Instrument

  Removing researcher bias
• Data Analysis


  Continuously the course of the study
• Data Presentation


  Introduces the chapter
• Data Analysis


  Stress only those important result
• Interpretation of Data

  Establish interconnection
• Tabular Presentation


  • Organize and compress data
• Textual Presentation


  • Involves using statements with number
• Graphical Presentation


  • Chart representing the quantitative variations
• Summary of finding

  Highlights the salient results of the study