kinetic energy

• kinetic model of matter

  all matter made up of very small particles which are in constant motion
• particles in solids are touching each other and are in fixed positions
• particles in liquids are close together, rolling over each other and arranged randomly
• particles in gases are far apart and arranged randomly
• particles in gases are far apart and arranged randomly
• kinetic theory is concerned with the motion of particles in solids, liquids and gases
• particles in solids, liquids and gases at any temperature above absolute zero will all exhibit some form of movement
• at absolute zero movement of particles stops
• absolute zero

  lowest possible temperature, which is -273 degrees celsius on temperature scale
• in a solid, particles can vibrate in all directions but cannot move out of their fixed positions
• in a liquid, particles move randomly and can slide past each other, but do not move far
• in gas, particles move around quickly and can travel large distances in all directions, molecules in gas constantly hitting each other and walls of container causing direction change
• in all states of matter, if temperature is increased, particles will gain more kinetic energy and vibrate or move more quickly
• diffusion in gases is much faster than in liquids, because molecules have much more kinetic energy and move a lot faster