Final Exam

• what should you do if the indicator strip in a anaerobic jar shows aerobic conditions?

  try a new gas pack
• what part of the bacterial cell is responsible for the gram stain reaction?

  cell wall
• which step in regressive staining removes stain from the parts of the tissue that is not to be demonstrated?

  differentiation
• what would cause wright's stain to be too blue

  buffer pH is too basic
• Peripheral blood smear is too pink, what could be the issue?

  thin smear, buffer too acidic, too much buffer, not enough stain time, excessive washing, stain is old
• peripheral blood smear is too blue, what could be the issue?

  buffer too basic, not enough buffer, too much stain time, thick smear, not enough washing, water too alkaline
• when using dipstick for blood, what could give a positive reaction?

  myoglobin
• what could cause a normal urine to become cloudy after refrigeration?

  the presence of phosphates or urates
• in dehydration, what is the step right after dehydration called?

  clearing
• what test will most likley be requested when skin scrapings or fringernails are recived in micro?

  fungi
• what should be delivered to the lab on a warm pack?

  cryoglobulins
• what would result in a high SP?

  dehydration, glycosuria, proteinuria, xray contrast media
• what would result in a low SP?

  increased fluids, diabetes insipidus, renal tubular damage, diuretics
• renal threshold

  the level of glucose in blood, which gluocose is excreted in the urine
• what electrolyte has a profound effect on the heart

  potassium
• what test might be done to monitor a patient with renal disease

  creatine
• the primary electrolyte in plasm is

  sodium
• red stain should have a buffer of

  less than 6.4
• blue stain should have a ph of

  greater than 6.8
• the colour of normal urine is due to the pigment

  urochrome
• urine pigment of porphyrins

  colourless
• urine pigment of biliverdin

  yellow-green
• urine pigment of hemoglobin

  red
• urine pigment of methemoglobin

  black
• urine that smells ammoniacal likley has a large amount of

  bacteria
• what aids in the differentiation of hematuria and hemoglobinuria

  microscopic exam
• hemoglobin and myoglobin are both ____ containing proteins

  heme
• bilirubin is a ________ product of hemoglobin

  degradation
• how is urobilinogen formed

  reduction of conjugated bilirubin in the intestine
• urobilinogen is ____________ and is and indicator of ______ function

  photosensitive

  kidney function
• prehepatic jaundice

  neg test for bilirubin and increased amount of urobilinogen
• obstruction of bile duct

  pos bilirubin, decreased urobilinogen
• hepatic jaundice

  pos bilirubin, increased urobilinogen
• false positive bilirubin

  chlorpromazine in the urine
• ehrlich's aldehyde reagent is used in the determination of

  urobilinogen
• serum has...

  fibrin (no fibrinogen)
• plasma has...

  fibrinogen
• O&P collected...

  in SAF and collected on alternate days within 10 days
• polycythemia

  RBC increased
• leukopenia

  WBC lowered