Ma Ashlee Charisse Sernande

• Filipino values

  Desirable conceptions that are not uniquely found in the Philippines, but contain certain elements in the total value system of other countries and societies
• Values that aim to attain a good life

  • Acceptance by one's fellow for what one is, thinks oneself to be, or would like to be, and be given the treatment due to one's station
  • Economic security (e.g., freedom from debt)
  • Movement to higher socioeconomic ladder
• Social acceptance

  An important Filipino value
• Values related to social acceptance

  • Smoothness of interpersonal relations (SIR)
  • Shame and self-esteem or amor propio
• Smooth Interpersonal Relations (SIR)

  Pleasantness in communicating with other people, being agreeable even under difficult circumstances, and keeping quiet or out of sight when discretion passes the word
• Ways SIR is acquired and preserved

  • Pakikisama
  • Euphemism
  • Go-between
• Pakikisama


  The practice of accepting the decision of the leader or the majority of the group so that it will appear that the group's decision is undivided
• Euphemism


  The respectful or polite manner of presenting a serious subject or an unkind opinion or request
• Go-between


  A third party who is called upon to appease someone, mend disagreements, or prevent conflicts
• Situations where a go-between is needed


  • When an embarrassing request is made
  • Complaint was made against a person
  • Decision often communicated through a middle-person to prevent shame or hiya
  • Traditional marriage negotiations through the use of spokespersons or mediators for the two parties
  • Remedy an existing state of conflict or tension by acting as mediators to bring about reconciliation like family disputes or political conflicts
  • Interdependence during times of need by seeking help from relatives as support system or allies when disagreements occur with outsiders
• Shame (hiya)


  An uncomfortable feeling that accompanies awareness of being in a position that is considered socially inappropriate or performing an action that is unacceptable to society
• Self-esteem (amor propio)


  A special defense against severe interpersonal unpleasantness, manifested by being sensitive to personal insult
• Economic security


  The ability to meet ordinary material needs without borrowing
• Social mobility


  The value of advancement in the socioeconomic ladder, always hoping to move up to a higher economic class
• Types of reciprocity in the Philippines

  • Contractual reciprocity
  • Quasi-contractual reciprocity
  • Debt of gratitude (utang na loob)
• Contractual reciprocity


  A voluntary agreement between two or more individuals to behave in a particular manner in a specific time in the future, with clearly defined and established reciprocity arrangements beforehand
• Quasi-contractual reciprocity

  Reciprocity that regulates balanced exchanges, where the terms of the repayment are not implicitly discussed before any contract or agreement is drafted
• Utang na loob (debt of gratitude)

  A form of reciprocity generated when an exchange of goods or services takes place between individuals who belong to different groups, where the recipient is compelled to show gratitude properly by returning the favor with interest to ensure that he does not remain in the other's debt
• Interpersonal relations and values practiced by Filipinos provide a unique flavor or identity to the culture of the Filipinos
• Filipinos consider these values to be positive because these portray their high regard for acceptance, respect, sensitivity, and peace
• Family orientation


  The value placed on family ties and relationships in Filipino culture. Similar to the concept of familismo in Latin American cultures.
• Hospitality


  The warm and generous hospitality shown towards guests and strangers in Filipino culture. Similar to the concept of southern hospitality in the United States.
• Spirituality and faith


  The importance of religion and spirituality in Filipino culture. Similar to the concept of spirituality in many Western cultures.
• Hard work and perseverance


  The value placed on hard work, diligence, and perseverance in Filipino culture. Similar to the Protestant work ethic in Western cultures.
• Respect for elders


  The deference and respect shown to older people in Filipino culture. Similar to the concept of filial piety in Chinese culture.
• Interpersonal relations

  The way people interact and communicate with each other in their personal and social lives
• Values


  The principles and beliefs that are important to a person or group of people
• Culture of the Filipinos

  The unique and distinct flavor or identity of the Filipino people, shaped by their interpersonal relations and values
• Culture


  The shared norms, customs, and traditions of a group of people, shaped in part by their values
• Influence of values on culture

  Values shape the way people think, behave, and make decisions, and help to define the norms, customs, and traditions of a culture