animal digestion

• examples of nutrients

  carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, minerals
• nutrients contain what important resources

  potential energy and chemical building blocks
• potential energy is stored where and does what?

  stored in the chemical bonds of food molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. used to generate ATP
• chemical building blocks are used to do what? what are some examples? 


  to build the animals body. examples: simple sugars, fatty acids, amino acids, water, nucleotides, vitamins, minerals
• what is the 4 step process

  ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
• ingestion

  food enters the digestive tract through the mouth
• mechanical digestion

  food is physically broken down in the mouth and stomach
• chemical digestion

  digestive enzymes break down food molecules. in the mouth, stomach, and small intestines
• absorption

  water and digested food enter the bloodstream in the small intestines
• elimination

  undigested food exits in the anus
• alimentary canal 


  specialized tube for digestion in most animals. in the mouth and anus and specialized regions
• what do the salivary glands and pancreas do?

  they secrete enzymes to digest food
• what do the liver and gall bladder do

  they produce and store bile
• large intestine

  very little digestion here. SOME nutrients and water are absorbed. this is the organ that eliminates poop
• small intestine

  absorption of nutrients and digestion of lipids
• what are the 3 diets

  herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
• herbivores + examples

  plant eaters. ex: cattle, snails, sea urchins
• carnivores + examples

  meat eaters. ex: lions, hawks, spiders
• omnivores + examples

  eats both plants and animals. ex: humans, roaches, raccoons
• digestive systems reflect varied diets meaning

  animals eat food that they can find in their environment