VISUAL PERCEPTION

• PERCEPTION


  SET OF PROCESSES BY WHICH WE RECOGNIZE, ORGANIZE, AND MAKE SENSE OF THE SENSATIONS WE RECEIVE FROM ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI
• GIBSON'S THEORY (1966)


  DIRECT PROCESS - SENSATIONS THEMSELVES ARE ENOUGH TO CREATE A COMPLETE REPRESENTATION OF THE WORLD AROUND US.
• DISTAL (EXTERNAL) OBJECT 


  OBJECT IN THE EXTERNAL WORLD
• INFORMATIONAL MEDIUM 


  EVENT CREATES A PATTERN ON AN INFORMATIONAL MEDIUM
• PROXIMAL STIMULATION 


  WHEN THE INFORMATION MEDIUM CONTACT WITH THE APPROPRIATE SENSORY RECEPTORS PROXIMAL STIMULATION OCCURS
• PERCEPTUAL OBJECT 


  PERCEPTION OCCURS WHEN A PERCEPTUAL OBJECT
• LIGHT 


  THE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THAT CAN BE DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF WAVELENGTH.
• CORNEA 


  outermost, clear layer of the eye. It covers the pupil, iris, and anterior chamber.
• PUPIL 


  the opening at the center of the iris through which light passes.
• IRIS 


  the colored part around the pupil of the eye that changes in size to control the amount of light entering the pupil.
• RETINA 


  captures the light that enters your eye and helps translate it into the images you see.
• RODS 


  sensitive to light levels and help give good vision on low light.
• CONES 


  concentrated in the center of the retina and give us our color vision
• DORSAL PATHWAY


  ALSO CALLED THE WHERE PATHWAY AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESSING LOCATION AND MOTION INFORMATION
• VENTRAL PATHWAY


  CALLED THE WHAT PATHWAY BECAUSE IT IS MAINLY RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESSING THE COLOR, SHAPE, AND IDENTITY OF VISUAL STIMULI
• ECOLOGICAL PERCEPTION


  the environment supplies us with all the information we need for perception
• Pandemonium model


  by Oliver Selfridge in 1959. In this model, different layers of "demons"
• TOP-DOWN THEORIES


  USES SENSORY INFORMATION AS THE FOUNDATION FOR THE STRUCTURE BUT ALSO USES OTHER SOURCES OF INFORMATION TO BUILD THE PERCEPTION.
• ELEANOR GIBSON


  The Visual Cliff Experiment
• FEATURE-MATCHING THEORIES


  during perception, we attempt to match individual features of a pattern to features stored in memory, rather than matching the entire pattern to a template or prototype.
• RECOGNITION BY COMPONENTS


  form stable 3-D mental representations of objects by utilizing simple geometric shapes
• THEORY OF CONSTRUCTIVE PERCEPTION

  • GUIDED BY HUMAN INTELLI-GENCE
  • USING MORE THAN ONE SOURCE OF INFORMATION, WE MAKE JUDGMENTS THAT WE ARE NOT EVEN AWARE OF MAKING.
• VIEWER-CENTERED


  CONSIDERS THE APPEARANCE OF AN OBJECT RELATIVE TO THE VIEWER (the object changes, depending on the angle from which we look at it)
• OBJECT-CENTERED PERCEPTION


  REPRESENTATION CONSIDERS THE APPEARANCE OF THE OBJECT ITSELF, REGARDLESS OF THE DISTANCE AND ANGLE FROM WHICH IT IS VIEWED (the object will stay stable across different orientations)
• Agnosia


  a rare neurological disorder that impairs a person's ability to recognize and identify familiar objects and people
• Optic Ataxia 


  a condition characterized by an impairment in the ability to use the visual system to guide movement.