Structure and bonding

• Group 1 and 2 elements on the periodic table are metals. they lose electrons and form positive ions.
• Group 6 and 7 elements are non-metals. they gain electrons and form negative ions
• The noble gases (group 0) do not react with other substances as their outer shell is full
• This is the ionic compound of sodium chloride

  
• An ionic compound is when a metal and a non metal react together.

  THE FACTS

  • the metal atom loses electrons and becomes positive
  • the non metal gains electrons and becomes negative
  • these oppositely charged ions are attracted by electrostatic forces
• Ionic compounds have high melting points because there are strong electrostatic attractions between the ions.
• What are the three types of bonds?

  metallic, ionic and covalent
• An ionic compound have a very regular structure of positive negative

  
• What makes a covalent bond?


  when and non metal bonds with another non metal and they share electrons to complete their outer shell
• What is the aim of bonding?

  to complete full outer shells
• The dot cross diagram for the circles overlap to show the sharing of electrons in a covalent bond