Biology

• Lipids


  Found in bile
• Lipids breakdown


  1. Broken down into fatty acids

  2. Glycerol
• Positive test for lipids


  Results turn cloudy
• Negative test for lipids


  Remains colourless
• Lipids are found in the body and pancreas
• Ethanol is used in the lipid test
• Ribosomes are found floating freely within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they manufacture proteins according to instructions from DNA.
• Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes with half the normal chromosome number, essential for sexual reproduction.
• The nucleus contains the genetic material (DNA) that controls all cellular activities.
• Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
• Mitochondria produce energy through aerobic respiration.
• Chromosomes are made up of genes that contain instructions for making proteins.
• The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) that controls cell activities.
• Mitochondria produce energy through respiration.
• Mitochondria - site of aerobic respiration
• Vacuole - storage organelle
• Chloroplast - site of photosynthesis
• Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and wastes.
• Ribosome - site of protein synthesis
• Xylem


  Transports water and minerals
• Xylem


  • Dead cells
  • Strengthened with lignin
  • Involved in transpiration
• Phloem


  Transports sugar up and down
• Phloem


  • Living cells
  • End cell
  • Cell wall
• Phloem


  Broken down to form sieve plates
• Temperature increase


  Affects the rate of transpiration
• Humidity


  Does not affect the rate of transpiration
• Sieve plates are involved in the transport of materials in phloem
• Temperature is a control variable that can be measured to determine the effect on the rate of transpiration
• Light intensity is an independent variable that can be altered to measure the effect on the rate of transpiration
• Volume is a dependent variable that is measured to determine the effect of the independent variable on the rate of transpiration
• Control variable

  What we keep the same
• Independent variable

  what we change
• Dependant variable

  what we measure
• The aim of this experiment was to investigate how light intensity affects the rate of photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis

  The process by which plants use light energy, carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen
• Photosynthesis


  • Happens in the chloroplasts
• Photosynthesis


  1. Light

  2. Carbon dioxide

  3. Water

  4. Produces glucose

  5. Produces oxygen
• Lipases convert lipids into

  1. Glycerol

  2. Fatty Acids
• Lipase


  Enzyme that converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids