REVIEWED CHAPTER 19

• What type of tissue is blood classified as?

  Connected tissue
• What is the liquid matrix of blood called?

  Plasma
• What are the cells and cell fragments in blood collectively referred to as?

  formed elements
• What percentage of the total blood volume does plasma make up?

  55%
• What percentage of the total blood volume do formed elements make up?

  45%
• What is the total blood volume in the average adult female?

  4-5 L
• What is the total blood volume in the average adult male?

  5-6 L
• Approximately what percentage of the total body weight does blood make up?

  8%
• A type of connective tissue consisting of a liquid matrix containing cells and cell fragments.

  Blood
• What is the primary component of plasma?

  water
• What are the three main types of formed elements in blood?

  red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
• What is the approximate substances content of plasma?

  9%
• What is the color of plasma?

  Pale yellow fluid
• A plasma is a?

  Colloid
• a liquid containing suspended substances that do not settle out of solution.

  Colloid
• Most of the suspended substances of colloid are

  plasma proteins
• How many groups can plasma proteins be classified into based on molecular size and charge?

  albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
• Almost all of the plasma proteins are produced by the?

  liver or blood cells
• They are partly responsible for blood viscosity and osmotic pressure

  Albumins
• Albumins act as?

  buffers
• Albumins transport?

  fatty acids, free bilirubin, and thyroid hormones
• It protect tissues from damage by inflammation

  alpha 1 atitryposin
• Which hormone does thyroid-binding globulin transport?

  Thyroid hormones
• What hormone does transcortin transport?

  Cortisol
• What role does sex hormone-binding globulin play?

  transports testosterone and estrogen
• It transports lipids like cholesterol, especially in high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

  alpha globulins
• It converts ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+), promoting iron transport by transferrin.

  ceruloplasmin
• It transports hemoglobin released from damaged red blood cells?

  haptoglobin
• Acts as a solvent and suspending medium for blood components

  water
• What substance does transferrin transport?

  Iron
• It transport lipids, especially cholesterol in low-density lipoproteins (LDL).

  beta-lipoproteins
• They play a role in the blood clotting process, which helps to stop bleeding and prevent blood loss

  coagulation proteins
• They are involved in immunity

  gamma globulins
• Most antibodies are what globulins?

  gamma globulins
• It plays a crucial role in blood clotting

  fibrinogen
• Involved in osmosis, membrane potentials, and acid-base balance

  Iron
• Source of energy and basic “building blocks” of more complex molecules

  Glucose, amino acids, triglycerides, cholesterol
• Promote enzyme activity

  Vitamins
• Breakdown products of protein metabolism; excreted by the kidneys

  Waste products
• Breakdown product of red blood cells

  bilirubin