SCIENCE

• Robert Hooke


  Discovered the cell
• Abiotic


  Without life
• Biotic


  With life
• Biotic factors


  Depend on abiotic factors
• Cytoplasm


  Where cell organelles are located
• Levels of biological organisation

  • Biosphere
  • Ecosystem
  • Community
  • Population
  • Organism
  • Organ system
  • Organ
  • Tissue
  • Cells
• Microscope


  • Images are inverted and upside down
• Commensalism


  One organism benefits while other is unaffected (ex. fish attaching to shark)
• Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% other gases
• Human activity is the number one contributor to pollution
• Nitrates, phosphates, potassium make soil acidic
• Cholera, dysentery, amoeba are caused by dirty water
• Neutrons


  Discovered by James Chadwick
• Proton


  Discovered by Eugen Goldstein
• Democritus


  Greek philosopher who proposed "atomus", indivisible
• John Dalton


  Deduced that all elements are composed of atoms
• JJ Thomson


  Atom is made of even smaller particles, introduced electrons, plum pudding atomic model
• Ernest Rutherford


  Positively charged particles are contained in the nucleus
• Niels Bohr


  Electrons orbit around the nucleus (like solar system)
• Arnold Sommerfeld


  Contributed to atomic theory
• Erwin Schrodinger


  Father of quantum mechanics, electrons do not move around an atom in a definite manner
• Respiratory System


  Human breathing system
• Parts of the Respiratory System

  • Nasal Cavity
  • Pharynx
  • Trachea
  • Nose and Mouth
  • Larynx
  • Lungs
  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveoli
  • Diaphragm
• Breathing


  1. Inhale: oxygen enters, move out chest space, contracts

  2. Exhale: carbon dioxide exits, move in chest space, relaxes
• Circulatory System


  Cardio Vascular System, life support, nourishes cells
• Heart


  Pumps blood throughout the body, Main Organ of the Circulatory System, Big as your fist
• Types of Blood Vessels

  • Veins
  • Arteries
  • Capillaries
  • Pulmonary Vena Cava
• Parts of the Heart

  • Right and Left atrium
  • Left and Right Ventricle
• Pulmonary Circulation


  1. Pulmonary Vena Cava

  2. Superior and Interior

  3. Right Atrium

  4. Left Ventricle

  5. Pulmonary Valve

  6. Pulmonary Artery

  7. Lungs
• Systemic Circulation


  1. Pulmonary Vein

  2. Left Atrium

  3. Tricuspid Valve

  4. Left Ventricle

  5. Aortic Valve

  6. Aorta

  7. The Rest of the body
• Coronary Circulation


  Movement of the blood through the tissues of the heart
• Air


  • Lungs
  • Left Heart
  • Bloodstream
  • Body
  • Transfers Nutrients
• Carbon Dioxide


  • Right Heart
  • Pumps to the lungs
  • Releases when exhale
• Genetics


  Branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in organism
• Inheritance


  Process by which genetic information is passed on from parents to child
• Variation


  Any difference between cells, individual organisms or groups of organism of any species
• Gene


  Unit of heredity; a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait
• Genotype


  Genetic makeup of organism
• Phenotype


  Physical feature or trait of an organism
• Homozygous


  Having two identical alleles of a particular gene