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Created by
Sara Fuad
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Cards (8)
Obstructive sleep apnea
Cessation of
breathing
for more than
10sec
for
multiple
times during sleep, because of
upper
airway
obstruction
since muscles are
hypotonic
Obstructive sleep apnea
Nasal effort
reduced
but respiratory effort
maintained
(have
thoracoabdominal
movement)
Obstruction happens in
REM
sleep
Usual causes of obstructive sleep apnea
Obesity
Large tongue
Hypothyroidism
Acromegaly
Goiter
Nocturnal symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea
Loud snoring
Witnessed apnea
Nocturia
Insomnia
Restless sleep
Gasping
&
choking
sensations that wake patient from sleep
Daytime symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea
Non-restorative
sleep (tired)
Morning
headache
Excessive
daytime sleepiness and fatigue (impaired work/driving)
Memory
impairment
Concentration
,
personality
, &
mood
changes
Sexual
dysfunction
GERD
Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea
BMI >
30
Neck circumference >
40cm
Metabolic
syndrome
Male
gender
Postmenopausal
women
Family history
Age >
40
Down
syndrome
Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea
1. Screening test:
overnight oximetry
(cyclic drop in saturation)
2. Sleep study:
10-15
apneas in
1hr
of sleep is diagnostic
3.
Epworth
sleepiness scale: total score more than
10
indicates sleep disorder
Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea
Weight loss
if overweight
Sleep in
lateral
position
Surgery if there is distinct
obstruction
(tonsils, nasal polyps, facial deformity)
CPAP
mask during sleep (keeps pharyngeal walls open)