quiz 1 purposive

• Kinesics - body movements, gestures, and posture as a form of non-verbal communication
• Proxemics - use of physical space can communicate social norms, intimacy, or dominance.
• Paralanguage - includes various vocal cues such as tone, pitch, volume, rhythm, intonation, and speech rate
• Chronemics - how people perceive, structure, and react to time; use of time to communicate
• Haptics - the analysis of touch in communication
• Written - messages that are carefully drafted and formulated in text form
• Spoken - use of vocally produced words ; a soft skill that is used to accomplish everyday tasks
• Horizontal - belonging to the same level or rank
• Vertical - up and down through a hierarchical organization
• Upward = communication flows from subordinate to superior
• Downward - communication flows from superior to subordinate
• Diagonal - interchange of messages at different levels of hierarchy
• Formal - communication which follows the rules and policies like chain-of- command established by the management;
• Informal - communication that follows the rules of behavior that are unconsciously learned through interactions