unit 3 asia AP ART

• Pantheon Date: 118-125 CE Location: Rome, italy Materials: Concrete with stone facing Period: Imperial Roman

  Content: Interior is a large circular hall inside with natural lighting from a oculus and pillars

  context: Monolithic, today is a catholic church, largest dome built, oculus shaped after humans eye

  form: granite columns, and marble

  function: Dedicated to all roman gods,

  
• Shiva as Lord of Dance (nataraja) Date: 11 century CE Culture: Hindu, Chola Dynasty Location: India Materials: cast bronze

  Content: shiva surrounded by ring of fire and one leg standing, other leg up

  context: lord shiva takes the form of Nataraja and performs the cosmic dance “Thandava” to crush Apasmara under his right foot

  Form: bronze statue, body idealized, balanced on central axis

  function: festivals, ceremonies

  
• Lakshamana Temple C: 930-950 Culture: Hindu, Chandella Dynasty Location: India Materials: Sandstone

  content: On the base of the temple of hunting and battle of elephants, horses and soldiers

  context: "home of the god"(vishnu), open to everyone, typical Hindu temple

  form: high relief sculptures, very detailed, circumambulate,

  function: ritualistic , dedicated to god vishnu, STANDARD OF HINDU TEMPLES

  
• Angkor, temple of Angkor Wat, and city of Angkor Thom, Cambodia Date:800-1400 CE culture: Hindu , angkor Materials: stone masonry, sandstone

  content: Hindu/Buddhist temple, every surface very decorative/narrative

  content: "city temple" , King suryavaman built the temple, second king suryvavaman (protector of the sun)

  form: Low relief carvings, stone masonry, sandstone

  function: dedicated to hindu god Vishnu

  
• Great Stupa at Sanchi Date: 300BCE-10 CE Culture: Buddhist, Maurya, late Sunga dynasty location: Madhya Pradesh, India Materials: Stone masonry, sandstone on dome content: The central structure consists of a hemispherical dome on a base, with a chamber deep inside context: The dome symbolizes the dome of heaven enclosing the earth Form: circle represents heaven and square represents earth, circumambulate, 4 entryways: north, south, west, east function: worship, burial, meditate

  
• Buddha (Bamiyan Buddhas) 400-800 CE

  culture: Gandharan

  Location: Bamiyan, Afganistan

  materials: cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint

  Content: Statue of Buddha, enlonged ears, carved deep within the mountain

  context: along the silk road, in Bamiyan Valleys it was ideal for trading merchants to stop by and rest, iconoclasm: destroyed because of religious icons

  form: circumambulate (at the bottom) , high relief, feet are in the round, originally polychromed and painted

  function: worship and mediate

  
• Longmen Caves

  date: 493-1127 CE

  Culture: Tang Dynasty

  Location: Luoyang, China
• Longmen Caves

  date: 493-1127 CE

  Culture: Tang Dynasty

  Location: Luoyang, China

  Materials: Limestone

  content: sculptures of Buddha in a open cave

  context: direct influence from Bamiyan Buddha, carved in China by Yi River
• Longmen Caves

  date: 493-1127 CE

  Culture: Tang Dynasty

  Location: Luoyang, China

  Materials: Limestone

  content: sculptures of Buddha in a open cave

  context: direct influence from Bamiyan Buddha, carved in China by Yi River

  form: high relief, polychrome, different sized sculptures

  function: ritualistic, rulers used this  buddhism to demonstrate acceptance and dominance.

  
• Borobudur Temple Date: 750-842 CE Culture: Sallendra Dynasty Location: Central Java, Indonesia Materials: Volcanic-stone masonry

  content: pyramidal/square base, leading up to Statues of Buddha

  context: built during golden era of the Sailendra dynasty, Buddhism spreadby indian ocean trade network

  form: circumambulate, aerial view, in the round sculptures

  function: Buddhist worship and meditation

  
• Todai-jii(great eastern temple) Artist: various artists, including sculptors Unkei and Keieki and Kei school Date: 743 CE culture: Buddhist location: nara, japan Materials: Bronze and wood(sculpture); wood with ceramic-tile roofing(architecture)

  content: Jaapanese style, inside is large buddha statue

  context: hondo (main hall), also called the Daibutsuden (Great Buddha Hall)

  form: symmetrical floor plan, lots of wood used

  function: center of national ritual, worship buddha

  
• Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in Jokhang Temple believed to been brought to Tibet in 641 CE Culture: Yarlung Dynasty Location: Lhasa, Tibet Materials: gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offering

  content: Buddha seated against gold jeweled throne, Left hand (mudra) = meditation and right hand=calling the earth to witness, lots of gold and jewels

  context: Sculpted from life portrait of buddha, most accurate portrait of him

  form: gold, groundline

  Function: To serve as the Buddha's representative following his parinirvana or departure from the earth