Education

• Education - a social institution through which society provides its members with important knowledge, including basic facts, job skills, and cultural norms and values (Macionis, 2012).
• Department of Education (DepEd) - education in the Philippines is managed and regulated.
• Department of Education (DepEd) - It controls the Philippine educational system, including the creation and implementation of the curriculum and the utilization of funds allotted by the national government.
• -Types of Education-

  • Formal Education
  • Non-Formal Education
  • Informal Education
• Formal Education - This refers to the hierarchically structured, chronologically graded educational system from primary school to the university, including programs and institutions for full time technical and vocational training.
• Non-Formal Education - refers to any organized educational activity outside the established formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population
• Non-formal education - enables a student to learn skills and knowledge through structured learning experiences. A student learns his/her values, principles, and beliefs and undergoes lifelong learning.
• In-Formal Education - It is a lifelong process whereby every individual acquires from daily experiences, attitudes, values, facts, skills, and knowledge or motor skill from resources in his or her higher environment.
• In-Formal Education - It offers alternative learning opportunities for the out of school youth and adults specifically those who are 15 years old and above and unable to avail themselves of the educational services and programs of formal education.
• In-Formal Education - Its primary objective is to provide literacy programs to eradicate illiteracy.
• Special Education - refers to the education of persons who are physically, mentally, emotionally, socially, or culturally different from so- called “normal” individuals, such that they require modification of school practices to develop their potential.
• SPED - aims to develop the maximums potential of the child with the special needs to enable him/her to become self-reliant and take advantage of the opportunities for a full and happy life.
• Functions of Education in the Society (Herbert Spencer):

  1. Productive Citizenry
  2. Self Actualization
• Productive Citizenry - Education systems enable citizens to be productive members of a society, as they are equipped with knowledge and skills that could contribute to the development of their society’s systems and institutions.
• Self Actualization - Education develops one’s sense of self. As a huge part of the discovery process of oneself, education encourages having the vision to become self-actualized.
• According to Abraham Maslowl, self-actualization is the highest form of human need. It was defined as “to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming.”
• Ramon Magsaysay - aptly observed that “education is the greatest equalizer of opportunities” for everybody.
• The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - declare that education is a fundamental human right and essential for the exercise of all other human rights.
• Primary Education as a Human Right - It promotes individual freedom and empowerment and yields important development benefits.