Physical Exam of the Abdomen

• IAPEPA

  Order of examination for the abdomen
• Supine


  Ideal position for abdominal examination
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm


  Pulsation in the abdomen maybe _____?
• Epigastric


  The upper middle portion of the abdomen
• umbilical


  the middle middle part of the abdomen
• hypogastric 


  the lower middle region of the abdomen
• hypochondriac

  the upper sire region of the abdomen
• lumbar

  the middle side region of the abdomen
• inguinal


  the lower side region of the abdomen
• Flat

  Type of abdominal contour when a straight horizontal line is observed from the costal margin to the symphysis pubis
• Flat

  abdominal contour common in a thin person
• Convex abdomen 


  Rounded abdomen is sometimes called?
• Rounded

  in this abdominal contour, the horizontal line now curves outward, indicating an increases in abdominal fat or a decrease in muscle tone.
• rounded 


  this abdominal contour is considered normal for toddler and pregnant female in their 1st or 2nd trimester
• Protuberant 


  Similar to rounded abdomen, only greater
• Protuberant

  contour of the abdomen seen in pregnant women in here 3rd trimester
• Protuberant

  abdominal contour seen in adults with obesity and ascites
• concave abdomen

  scaphoid abdominal contour is sometimes also called ____?
• scaphoid 


  the horizontal line in the abdomen now curves inward toward the vertebral column, giving the abdomen a sunken appearance
• scaphoid 


  this abdominal contour is often seen in a very thin adult
• midline

  Position of the umbilicus
• inverted

  umbilicus inward
• protruding

  umbilicus outward
• fat, feces, fetus, fibroids, flatulence, fluid

  6 major causes of abdominal distention (6 Fs)
• borborygmi

  normal bowel sound
• 5-30 per minute

  how often do we hear the irregular, gurgling, high-pitched sound in the abdomen
• hypoactive bowel sound

  When the gurgling sound heard is less than 5
• hyperactive bowel sound

  increase contraction of smooth muscle in the stomach
• paralytic ileus

  no peristalsis
• diaphragm 


  part of the stethoscope used to auscultate bowel sounds
• bell


  part of the stethoscope used to auscultate vascular sounds/ bruits/ murmur
• diaphragm 


  Part of the stethoscope used to auscultate for friction rubs
• tympany 


  sound percussed over the abdomen
• Dullness 


  sound percussed over the spleen, liver, non-evacuated descending colon
• hyperresonance 


  heard over air-filled or distended intestines
• 2

  how many lobes in liver
• true

  true/false: begin palpation in a non-tender quadrant
• true


  true/false: spleen is usually nonpalpable
• true

  true/false: liver is usually nonpalpable
• blumberg’s sign

  pressing on the RLQ