GEN BIO L4 FINALS

• The Circulatory System

  • cardiovascular system
  • is to provide oxygen, nutrients and hormone to muscles tissues and organs throughout your body
• Heart

  • it pumps blood throughout
  • main organ
  • pumps blood to the body through a network of arteries and veins(blood vessels)
• Blood vessels

  • work with your heart and lungs to continuously circulate blood through your body.
  • carries blood through the body
• Veins

  • carry blood towards the heart
• Arteries

  • carry blood away from the heart
• Arterioles

  • mini arteries that branch out into the capilliaries
• Capilliaries

  • smallest blood vessels
• Arteries

  • muscular tubes that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and to every part of your body
• Veins

  • These blood vessels return oxygen-depleted blood to the heart
  • veins start small (venules) and get large as they approach your heart
• Venules

  • small vein and became large as they approach the heart
• The Superior Vena cava

  • carries blood from the upper body (heart and arms) to the heart
• The Inferior Vena Cava

  • brings blood up from the lower body (stomach, pelvis and legs) to the heart
• Valve

  • prevent blood from flowing backward
• Heart has 4 valves
• Triscuspid Valve

  • Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
• Pulmonary Valve

  • located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
• Mitral Valve

  • located between the left atrium and the left ventricle
• Aortic Valve

  • located between the left ventricle and aorta
• Capilliaries

  • these blood vessels connect very small arteries (arterioles) and viens (venules)
  • have thin walls that allow oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste product to pass in and out of cells
• Blood

  • made up of red and white blood cells, plasma and platelets
  • it carries material throughtout the body
• Four chambers of heart

  • two atria
  • two ventricles
• Two atria

  • receiving chambers
• Two ventricles

  • pumping chamber
• Circulatory system has 3 circuits
• Pulmonary circuit

  • this circuit carries blood without oxygen from the heart to lungs
  • the pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the heart
• Systemic Circuit

  • blood with oxygen, nutrients the hormones travel from the heart to the rest of the body
• Coronary Circuit

  • refers to your heart's arteries, this circuit provides the heart muscle with oxygenated blood
  • it returns oxygenated-poor blood to the heart's right upper chamber (atrium)
• Aneurysms

  • occurs when artery wall weaken and enlarged
  • weak spot can buldge as blood moves through the artery
  • the weak spot may tear, causing a life-threatening rupture
• High Blood Pressure

  • put you at risk for cardiovascular disease, heart attacks and strokes
  • when arteries becomes large (elastic), less blood and oxygen reaches organ like heart
• Plaque Deposits

  • high cholesterol and diabetes can lead to fat and other substances collecting in the blood
• These substances from deposits called "plaques" or "artery walls"
• Atherosclerosis

  • increases the risk of blood clots, and strokes, coronary artery disease etc.
• This condition atherosclerosis or narrowed or hardened arteries