english 4th

• Primary Resources

  • Include firsthand accounts, raw data, and other original materials on which research is

  based.
• Secondary Resources

  • Edited or interpreted primary resources. These are the repackaged versions of the actual

  event or document.
• Tertiary Resources

  • Organized and locate primary and secondary resources.
• primary resources Examples: Interview, Journal/Diary, Letter, Manuscript, Court Records,

  Debates/Discussions, Speeches, Surveys
• secondary resources Examples: Textbook, Periodicals, Book Reviews, TV documentaries, Encyclopedias,

  Websites and Wikis, Photographs, News/Broadcasts
• tertiary resources Examples: Abstract, Bibliographies, Indexes, Directory, Database
• Outline

  • Is a general plan of what you are going to write. (First draft of your essay)
• Benefits of outlining:

  • Will make your essay more organized.

  • Saves time for writers.
• Parts:

  Introduction, Body Paragraph I, Body Paragraph II, Body Paragraph III, Conclusion Thesis
• Statement- will be your guide through the process of writing your essay. (Overview)
• Topic Sentences- should support the thesis statement.
• Supporting Details- list of examples or ideas you want to include in each paragraph.
• Synthesizing essential information.

  -can be the topic of the paragraph answers 3WWW or summary.
• Synthesizing (combining)

  • putting all ideas together

  • looking for similarities and differences
• Organize your resources.

  -put all your notes into a table.
• examples of organize your resources: ex: 1 Summary table

  ex: 2 Synthesis Matrix
• Outline your structure.

  clear overview of connections

  • chronologically, methodologically, thematically, and theoretically
• A new understanding

  • something a reader has not considered before reading it.
• A deeper understanding

  • becoming more aware or appreciative of an idea after reading a text.
• A changed understanding

  • thinking differently because of the text.
• Formula: S1+ S2+ personal idea/observation = synthesized data
• Paragraph

  piece of writing

  indentation (space at the start)

  consists of one or more sentences
• Topic sentence

  • first sentence in a paragraph.
• Supporting sentences.

  • support the information or specific details.
• Conclusion

  -remind what the topic sentence was about.
• brainstorming - think or write down ideas.
• organizing ideas. - cluster or outline
• writing the first draft. - writing the paragraph for the first draft
• editing - revise all the errors.
• final work - revise all spelling and errors.
• Text types

  • Uses different forms and standards of composition.
• Factual - to persuade, to inform, and instruct.
• Literary - to entertain enlighten and elicit emotion and creative writing.
• Narrative (Literary)

  • tell us a story that can be fiction or nonfiction.
• Explanation (Factual)

  • explains a particular subject or topic and true ideas that support it
• Expository (describe, sequence, contrast, compare) (Factual)

  • present factual data through description, sequence, comparison, and contrast.
• Procedural text (Factual)

  • sequence of actions or steps needed to make or do something (command).
• Recount (Factual and Narrative)

  • read those past events which may be either personal or actual.
• Personal recount - read those past events the writer has personally been involved in.
• Factual recount - retells past events that also happened in real life but may not be about the writer.