is the act of presenting words, ideas, images, sounds or the creative expression of others as your own without giving credit; may be intentional, reckless, and unintentional
SidMason
"Plagiarism is lying, cheating,
and stealing all at once."
Direct Plagiarism
Word for word transcription of someone's work without quotation or credit
Self-Plagiarism
Submitting one's own previous work or mixing parts of previous works
Mosaic Plagiarism
Borrowing phrases from a source without quotation marks or finding synonyms for the author's languages while keeping the same structure
Accidental Plagiarism
Neglecting to cite sources misquotations of sources or unintentionally
Summarizing
is a short statement of the main idea or key points of a text. It is generally done after reading; however, it can be done as well while reading the text.
Idea Heading Format
summarized idea comes before the citation
Paraphrasing
is restating a statement or
passage in your own words.
Literal Paraphrasing
replacing vocabulary terms from the original text
Structural Paraphrasing
changing the sentence structure as well as the word class of key words of the text
Alternative Paraphrasing
posing questions about the text, then answering these questions using own words after reading the text making sure that all ideas are connected
Citations
is the way you tell your readers that certain material in your work came from another source and where to find that information again
AmericanPsychologicalAssociation (APA)
used by Education, Psychology and
Sciences
ModernLanguageAssociation (MLA)
Used by Humanities
Chicago/Turabian
Used by business, history And the fine Arts
Author-Oriented Citations
Starts with the surname of the author, followed by the year of publication in parenthesis.
Text-Oriented Citations
A paragraph or sentence from a source is followed with the surname of the author of the work and the year of publication, both enclosed in parentheses.
Report
an account or statement describing in detail an event, situation, or the like, usually as the result of observation, inquiry etc.
TechnicalReport
It provides a record of your developing expertise and is a legal record of your work and decision making
TechnicalReport
It communicates a solution to a problem, recommends action and aids decision
Technical Report
Academic papers that present and analyze the results or findings of research
TitlePage
It is the page at the beginning of a
work that indicates the title, author's
or editor's name and the publication
information, usually the publisher and the place and date of publication
Summary
It includes a brief overview of your
investigation, outcomes and
recommendations and includes the key information about
your full report
TableofContents
It should be arranged according to
the headings and subheadings of
your report
Introduction
It provides context for the problem
being addressed
Body
It is structured according to the
needs of your reader and the nature
of the project
Conclusion
It mirrors your introduction
It refers to your aims
It summarizes your key findings
It states your major outcomes and
highlight their significance
Recommendations
It identifies and discusses or
describes the key findings.
References
Acknowledge all the information
and ideas you have incorporated
from other sources into your paper
Appendix
If you have data that is too detailed
or lengthy to include in the report
itself, include it here
Position Paper
is an essay that expresses a position on an issue. It gives arguments that support the opinion of the writer based on the facts collected.
Concept paper
a document written to
convince potential funders to sponsor a product, program or service. Concise documents containing information, statistics and persuasive arguments.
Critique
It is a short summary followed by an
evaluation and may include the writers’
opinions
Book
is a collection of paper sheets with text images and other content that are bonded together as a reading material.
Article
is a piece of work that has been
attached with other sections or that when put together creates a reading materials an organized set. It also shorter than a book.
Book Critique
A specialized form of an academic writing in which a reader evaluates the contribution to the knowledge of scholarly such as academic books and journal articles.
Book Critique
It Is a critical assessment, analysis, or evaluation of a work.
Article Critic
presents a critical assessment of the article's content and may offer agreement or disagreement about the ideas or arguments written in the article.
Survey
A way of asking people questions that you understand and helps you understand what people think or what and why they do certain actions.