non human animal controverises

• Use of non-human animals in research

  • As a therapeutic device
• Allen 2003 found that presence of a pet reduced blood pressure in children when reading aloud and reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease
• Bond between the animal and client

  Developed through physical interaction such as grooming or feeding
• Therapist can use animal clients' relationships

  As a means to discuss sensitive issues as they reduce stress from the individuals
• Use of non-human animals in research

  Can be positively shown to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
• Using non-human animals

  May be considered unethical
• Regan 1984: 'Animals have the right to be treated with respect and should never be used in research'
• Excessive grooming or feeding during use of a therapeutic device


  Causes stress for the animal
• Animals used in research


  Should only be used when necessary and if they are not feeling any discomfort or stress
• Harlow and Harlows study

  • Used monkeys
  • Intention to make comparisons to humans
  • Monkeys taken away from mother at vulnerable age
  • Monkeys developed into emotionally maladjusted adults despite contact comfort
  • Monkeys struggled to socialise with other monkeys and reject their own infant
• Use of non-human animals in research

  Negative effect as they were harmed after the study was completed
• There were ethical issues with the Harlow and Harlows study
• Harlow and Harlows study

  • Used monkeys to make comparisons to humans
  • Monkeys were taken away from their mother at a vulnerable age
  • Monkeys developed into emotionally maladjusted adults despite their contact comfort
  • Monkeys struggled to socialise with other monkeys and reject their own infant
• Use of non-human animals in research

  Negative effect as they were harmed after the study was completed
• There were ethical issues with the Harlow and Harlows study
• Use of animals in natural experiments


  • Considered ethical as they are being treated in a way that doesn't affect their behaviour as they observe in their natural environment
• Research on non-human animals should only be used if there is no interference with their lives