Eyes
Cards (148)
- pair of bony cavities, contains eyeball, associated muscles, nerves, vessels, fat, most of lacrimal apparatus
- Guarded by two thin, movable folds called the eyelids
- Protect the eye from injury and excessive light by their closure
- Elliptical opening between eyelids, entrance into the conjunctival sac
- Covered by skin
- Covered by a mucous membrane called the conjunctiva
- Short, curved hairs on the free edges of the eyelids, arranged in double or triple rows at the mucocutaneous junction
- Open directly into the eyelash follicles
- Modified sweat glands that open separately between adjacent lashes
- Long, modified sebaceous glands that pour their oily secretions
- rounded medial angle is separated from the eyeball by a small space
- center of the lacus lacrimalis, which is a small, reddish yellow elevation
- A reddish semilunar fold
- Small elevation near medial angle of eye
- Small hole on summit of papilla
- A thin mucous membrane that lines the eyelids
- Groove beneath the eyelid, trap small foreign particles and clinically important
- Fibrous sheet forms framework of the eyelids
- Sphincter muscle responsible for closing eyelid & dilating lacrimal sac, causes “crow’s feet” wrinkles, allows squint/wink the eye
- Closes lids TIGHTLY
- Closes lids GENTLY
- Compresses lacrimal sac
- Elevate upper eyelid, open the eye, arises from lesser wing of sphenoid
- 2 groups of head muscle (levater palpebrae superioris)
- Indirect elevation & retraction of upper eyelid
- Array of facial expressions
- Eyelids are closed by
- Eye is opened by
- Looking upward by
- Looking downward by
- Superior & Inferior oblique
- Ciliary muscle
- Raises cornea upward & medially
- Depresses cornea downward & medially
- Rotates eyeball so cornea looks medially
- Rotates eyeball so cornea looks laterally
- Rotates eyeball so cornea looks downward & laterally
- Rotates eyeball so cornea looks upward & laterally
- Constricts pupil
- Dilates pupil