Topic 2

• Hospital


  A health care institution that provides patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment
• According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hospitals complement and amplify the effectiveness of many other parts of the health system, providing continuous availability of services for acute and complex conditions
• Types of classifications of hospitals by ownership

  • Government hospital
  • Private hospital
• Types of classification of hospitals by scope of services

  • General hospital
  • Specialty hospital
• Types of hospitals aacrdg. to service capabilities (levels)

  • Level 1 (Emergency hospital)
  • Level 2 (Non-departmentalized hospital)
  • Level 3 (Departmentalized hospital)
  • Level 4 (Teaching and training hospital)
• Other health care facilities include birthing homes and psychiatric care facilities
• Organizational Structure


  • refers to levels of management within a hospital, allows efficient management of hospital departments, and varies from hospital to hospital.
  • the structure helps one understand the hospital's chain of command
• Common categorical grouping in hospital

  • Administrative services
  • Informational services
  • Therapeutic services
  • Diagnostic services
  • Support services
• x-ray service categories

  • General radiography (Level 1 - Emergency)
  • General radiography (Level 2 - non-departmentalized)
  • General radiography (Level 3 - departmentalized)
  • Specialized radiography
• Government Hospital - owned, established by the law.

  May be under the national government like DOH, DOJ, DND, PNP, SUCs, and LGUs
• Private Hospital - owned, established and operated with funds through donation, principal investment, non-governmental corporation, association, or organization
• General Hospital - provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries, or deformities.
• General Hospital - provides medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, also maternity, newborn, and childcare
• Specialty Hospital - specializes in a particular disease or in one type of patient
• Specialty Hospital - may be devoted to treatment of a particular organ or groups of organ; patients in a particular group like children or elderly
• Hospitals according to service capabilities (levels)

  • covered by the administrative law, DOH Administrative Order 2005-0029
• Level 1 - Emergency Hospital

  • initial treatment for cases that require immediate attention and for prevalent diseases in the area
  • general medicine, pediatrics, minor surgeries
  • nursing care for patients needing minimal supervised care
• Level 2 - Non-Departmentalized Hospital

  • provides initial treatment similar to level 1
  • general medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology
  • nursing care for patients needing intermediate supervised care
• Level 3 - Departmentalized Hospital

  • provides all clinical services provided by level 2
  • specialized clinical care
  • nursing care for patients needing total intensive care
• Level 4 - Teaching and Training Hospital

  • provides all clinical services provided by level 3
  • specialized forms of treatment, intensive care and surgical procedures
  • nursing care for patients needing continuous and specialized critical care
• Birthing Homes - maternity clinics that provide pre and post natal care; normal spontaneous delivery and new born baby care
• Psychiatric Care Facilities - care for mentally ill patients
• Administrative Services

  • Hospital Administrators: CEO, Vice P. Executive Assistants, Department Heads
  • Business People - "who runs the hospital"
  • oversee budget and finance
  • establish hospital policies and procedures
  • often perform public relation duties
• Informational Services

  • Document and Process Information: admissions, billing and collection, medical records, Computer Information Systems, health education, and human resources
• Therapeutic Services - provides treatment to the patients

  • Physical Therapy
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Speech/Language Pathology
  • Respiratory Therapy
  • Medical Psychology
  • Social Services
  • Pharmacy
  • Dietary
  • Sports Medicine
  • Nursing
• Physical Therapy - treatment to improve large muscle mobility
• Occupational Therapy - goal is to help patient regain fine motor skills
• Speech/Language Pathology - identify, evaluate, treat speech/language disorders
• Respiratory Therapy - treat patients with heart and lung disease
• Medical Psychology - concerned with mental well-being
• Social Services - connect patients with community resources (financial aid, etc.)
• Pharmacy - dispense medications
• Dietary - maintains nutritionally sound diets for patients
• Sports Medicine - provide rehabilitative services to athletes
• Nursing - provide care for patients
• Diagnostic Services - determines the causes of illness or injury

  • Medical Laboratory
  • Medical Imaging
  • Emergency Medicine
• Medical Laboratory - studies body tissues
• Medical Imaging - radiology, MRI, CT, ultrasound
• Emergency Medicine - provides emergency diagnosis and treatment
• Support Services - provides support for the whole hospital

  • Central Supply
  • Biomedical Technology
  • Housekeeping and Maintenance