Nigeria

• Nigeria

  located north of the equator, west Africa
• Employment structure

  Secondary sector is increasing

  Primary sector is decreasing
• Global importance

  NEE in 2014 > world 21st largest economy

  5th largest contributor to UN peace keeping
• Local importance


  Fastest growing economy in Africa > 2014 - highest GDP
• Political

  Boko haram have killed 17,000 people since 2002
• Environmental

  Rainforest in south> Savannah in north
• Social

  500 ethnic groups. Life expectancy is 55 years
• Cultural


  nollywood (2nd largest film industry)
• Squatter settlement 


  An area of poor-quality housing (often illegal) lacking basic services e.g. sanitation
• Sanitation


  Access to clean water and a toilet
• makoko


  Squatter settlement in Lagos by the lagoon
• Social opportunities 


  68% have a secondary education(40% don’t attend primary school in the rural north). Thriving film and music industry in ‘Nollywood’
• Economic opportunities


  Many jobs available especially in construction of developments like Eko Atlantic

  wages are four times higher than in rural areas
• Social challenges of living in Lagos


  1)66% live in squatter settlements like Makoko

  communal water point 3km away

  High crime as the large area is difficult to police. Gangs like ‘area boys’

  2)Traffic congestion is really bad. 2 hr commute called the ‘go slow’
• Environmental challenges in Lagos


  10,000 illegal industries-waste disposal and emissions aren’t controlled
• Economic challenges of living in lagos


  Not enough formal jobs. People earn low wages shining shoes
• Top down aid

  Large scale, expensive projects where TNCs and government make decisions
• Bottom up aid

  Small scale, local projects where charities and local people make decisions
• Aid in Nigeria 


  Over 60% live in less than US$1 a day

  nigeria receives 4% of aid given to Africa

  UK gives £3 billion a year to Nigeria
• Nets for life

  $2 mosquito nets reduce bites which cause malaria

  85,000 nets given out in Abuja (nigerias capital city)
• Quality of life (impacts of economic development)

  Happiness and health
• Tax (impacts of economic development)


  Money paid to the government
• Disposable income (impacts of economic development)


  Money have after paying for essentials
• Air pollution (impacts of economic development)


  Particles in the air that can cause damage to health
• Life expectancy (impacts of economic development)


  The average age a person is expected to live to in a country. In Nigeria it has increased from 46 to 55 years
• NEE

  Newly emerging economy. A country that has experienced rapid economic growth
• BRICs

  The fastest growing economies named in 2001

  Brazil, Russia, India, China
• MINTs

  Four more recently growing NEEs named in 2014

  Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey
• Industrialisation

  The process of a country moving from mostly agriculture (farming) to manufacturing goods (factories)
• Brandt Line


  The line that divide rich north from the poor south
• Characteristics of NEE:

  1)Large land masses: means countries have space for industries to develop

  2)Large young populations: means countries have lots of people to work and pay tax

  3)Rich in natural resources: means countries can sell (export) them to other countries

  4)Key role in world trade. Home to TNCs: this means there are more jobs available

  5)Large secondary sector: because of the growth of industries
• Rural-Urban migration

  The movement of people from rural areas (countryside) to urban areas (cities)
• Push factors

  Things that make people want to leave an area

  E.g. Mechanisation meant jobs in countryside. Political unrest. Boko Haram kidnapped girls
• Pull factors

  Things that attract people to live in an area

  E.g. Wages are four times higher in urban areas. 68% get a secondary school education.
• urbanisation

  The increasing percentage of people living in urban areas
• Mechanisation

  When machines do the jobs people used to do. E.g. Using tractors on farms.
• Transnational corporation

  Companies that operate more than one country. 40 TNCs in Nigeria including Shell.
• Positive multiplier effect

  The cycle where investments in one area leads to further improvement

  Jobs ->tax ->investment ->jobs.
• Source country


  The country where a TNC has its headquarters (HIC)
• Employment structure


  How the workforce is divided up between primary, secondary, territory and quaternary employment.