science8 (4 quarter)

• INGESTION


  The process do animals take in food that provides energy and nutrients
• ASSIMILATION


  The process in which digested foods are distributed into different parts of the body cells
• ASSIMILATION


  Nutrients from the digested food move into the blood vessels passing through the lining of the small intestine
• CHEMICAL DIGESTION


  The process of turning food into smaller molecules with the aid of enzymes
• AMYLASE


  Type of enzyme present in saliva helps break down starch
• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM


  An organ system that is responsible for breaking down of large molecules into smaller molecules and absorption of organic compounds needed by the body
• LARGE INTESTINE


  Reabsorbs water from the chyme
• PERISTALTIC MOVEMENT


  The wavelike contraction of the smooth muscles of digestive tract pushes food in small sections through the gastro-intestinal tube
• Nutrients most affected if the liver is severely damaged

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
• INTESTINAL VILLI


  Increases surface area for nutrient absorption
• Processes involved in the human digestive system

  • Ingestion
  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Assimilation
  • Egestion
• BOLUS


  The term for the food that is chewed and mixed with saliva that turns into a moist ball
• PEPSIN


  An enzyme that digests protein in the stomach
• VILLI


  Tiny structures line the internal surface of the small intestine to increase its surface area for the absorption of nutrients
• SIMPLE SUGARS


  The result of chemical digestion of carbohydrates
• WAVELIKE MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS


  Aids the passage of food through the digestive tract
• SMALL INTESTINE


  Where absorption of nutrients mostly occur
• Nutrients from digested food reach the blood

  Absorbed into the blood through the blood vessels
• Undigested food that pass through the digestive tract

  1. Moves down to the large intestine

  2. Await disposal
• MITOSIS


  Forms two daughter cells
• SEXUAL reproduction


  Benefit is variability of the offspring
• GENES


  Control hereditary traits
• S PHASE


  Phase of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs
• INTERPHASE


  Stage in the life of a cell spent most
• KARYOKINESIS


  Division of nucleus
• ANAPHASE


  Stage of mitosis where the chromatids of chromosomes separate and begin to move away from each other
• ZYGOTENE


  Substage of prophase I where the pairing of chromosomes occurs