Chemistry paper 1

Created by

Alice Cottrill

Cards (83)

Limitations of the particle model 
- the forces between particles
- the size of the particles
- the space between particles
What is the Dalton atomic model 
First suggestion of atoms as a solid sphere of its element
What is the Plum pudding atomic model 
Suggests a solid sphere with equal amounts of positive charge and electrons inside
what is the Rutherford atomic model 
an atom has a positive nucleus and negative electrons orbiting in shells
What is the Geiger and Marsden experiment 
positive Alpha particles shot at gold foil, some repelling from the positive nucleus
What is the Bohr atomic model 
Included the neutrons into the nucleus of an atom
What is the atomic number
number of protons
what is the mass number
Number of protons and neutrons
what is an ion
A charged atom
what is an isotope 
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
How does melting point distinguish purity 
the melting point will be higher than if it was pure
what is relative atomic mass
The mass number which refers to the element as a whole
what is relative formula mass
the atomic masses added together from a molecule
what is empirical formula
simplified version of molecular formula
What're alloys
alloys are a combination of 2 or more metals
what is filtration
the process of separating solid
particles from a liquid
what is crystallisation 
separates a soluble solid from a liquid using heat
what is simple distillation 
seperating liquids from each other by different melting points, condensing them
what is fractional distillation 
when crude oil is seperated by boiling points in a fracking column
what is paper chromatography 
method used to separate colored chemicals or substances
what is thin layer chromatography 
a polar plastic or glass tube is used, and colorization is used via a vapor, like Iodine.
what is the stationary phase 
where the substance starts to be seperated
what is the mobile phase 
Where the molecules can move
what is a chromatogram
Results of chromatography
How do you measure Rf values
RF value = distance traveled by the compound / distance traveled by the solvent front
what is gas chromatography 
A separation technique used to determine the compounds in a liquid mixture based on their ability to change quickly
what're metals properties
-easily malleable
-ductile
-conductor
-high tensile strength
-positive charge
what're non-metals properties
-brittle
-poor conductivity
-low melting point
-negative charge
-low tensile strength
what is tensile strength
ability to resist breaking when pulled
what is a group number
The number of electrons in the outer shell
what is the period number
number of shells
what is an ionic bond 
Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
what is a covalent bond 
sharing of electrons between atoms
what is the chemical arrangement of ionic compounds
an ionic lattice with strong electrostatic forces
what is the chemical arrangement of simple molecules 
a few atoms held together by covalent bonds with weak intermolecular forces
whatre examples of giant covalent structures
-diamond
-graphite
-silicon dioxide
what is the chemical arrangement of polymers
covalent bonds in long chains
what is the chemical arrangement of metals
metallic bonds clumped together
what're limitations of the dot and cross diagram
-It does not show how the ions or atoms are arranged in space
-It may suggest that ionic compounds are made up of pairs of ions, which is not true
-It does not show the relative sizes of the ions or atoms
what're limitations of the ball and stick models 
-doesn't show a true picture of atoms and their sizes
-simplify the complex nature of molecular structures