Gen Bio II

• Gland


  is a single cell or a multicellular
• exocrine glands


  it has ducts
• endocrine glands


  do not have ducts
• connective tissue


  is distinguished by its extracellular matrix.
• connective tissue


  it enclose and separate organs and tissues
• fibroblasts


  it form protein fibers of many connective tissues
• osteoblasts


  it form bone
• chrondoblasts


  it form cartilage
• connective tissue


  commonly contains adipocytes, mast cells, white blood cells, macrophages, and mesenchymal cells (stem cells).
• collagen fibrils


  this are joined to form collagen fibers.
• collagen fibers


  it resemble ropes
• reticular fibers

  are fine collagen fibers that form a branching network that supports other cells and tissues.
• elastic fibers


  have a structure similar to that of a spring. After being stretched, they tend to return to their original shape.
• hyaluronic acid


  it makes fluid slippery
• proteoglycan


  aggregates trap water, which gives tissues the capacity to return to their original shape when compressed or deformed.
• adhesive molecules


  hold protoglycans together and to plasma membranes.
• areolar connective tissue


  is the "packing material" of the body; it fills the spaces between organs and holds them in place.
• adipose tissue or fat


  stores energy. It also pads and protects parts of the body and acts as a thermal insulator.
• dense connective tissue


  has a matrix consisting of either densely packed collagen fibers (in tendons, ligaments, and the dermis of the skin) or densely packed elastic fibers (in elastic ligaments and the walls of arteries).
• reticular tissue


  it forms a framework for lymphatic structures.
• cartilage


  it provides support and is found in structures such as the disks between the vertebrae, the external ear, and the costal cartilages.
• bone


  it has a mineralized matrix and forms most of skeleton of the body.
• blood


  it has a liquid matrix and is found in blood vessels.
• muscle tissue


  is specialized to shorten, or contract.
• nervous tissue


  is specialized to conduct action potentials (electrical signals).
• neurons


  conduct action potentials, and glia support the neurons.
• mucous membranes


  line cavities that open to the outside of the body (digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts). They contain glands and secrete mucus.
• serous membranes


  line trunk cavities that do not open to the outside of the body (pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities). They do not contain mucous glands but do secrete serous fluid.
• synovial membranes


  line joint cavities and secrete a lubricating fluid.
• inflammation


  it isolates and destroys harmful agents.
• inflammation


  it produces redness, heat, swelling, pain, and disturbance of function.
• chronic inflammation


  it results when the agent causing injury is not removed or something else interferes with the healing process.
• tissue repair


  it is the substitution of viable cells for dead cells by regeneration of fibrosis.
• integumentary system


  it consist of the skin, hair, glands, and nails.
• integumentary system


  it protects us from the external environment.
• epidermis


  it is stratified squamous epithelium divided into strata.
• stratum basale


  New cells are produced in the ________
• stratum corneum


  it consists of many layers of dead squamous cells containing keratin.
• sloughed


  The most superficial layers are ______
• keratinization


  it is the transformation of stratum basale into stratum corneum cells.