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Biology yr9
Neurones
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Lilia Ross
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Nerve endings
allow
connections
Axon
is an extension of the cytoplasm, that carries nerve impulses
away
from the cell body
Nerve endings are between
neurons
or to
receptors
Parts of a neurone
Cell body
Dendrite
Axon
Myelin sheath
Nucleus
Sensory neurone
Transmits impulses from the
receptors
to the
Central Nervous System
(CNS)
Motor neurone
Transmits impulses from the
CNS
to the
effector
Relay neurones
Pass the impulses from the
sensory
neurones to the
motor
neurones
Effector
Can
be a
muscle
or a
gland
,
carries
out the
response
Impulses
can only travel in
one direction
along the neurones
Neurones
They are a
specialised
type of
cell
,
elongated
to
allow impulses
to
travel
long distances
in the
body
Reflex arc
Simple
and
consists
of only
three neurones
Reflex actions
Rapid
,
involuntary
responses
to
changes
in the
environment
Effector
May be a
muscle
or a
gland
Receptor cells
Detect stimuli
and are
found
within
sense organs
Reflex actions
are very
important
in
helping
animals survive
Dendrons
&
dendrites
Allow
connections
between
neurons
or
to
receptors
Axon
An
extension
of one
cytoplasm
, that
carries
nerve impulses
away
from the
cell body
Myelin sheath
Provides
electrical insulation
Allows
nerve impulses
to
jump
along the
axon
from
node
to
node
Nodes of Ranvier
Allow
nerve
impulses
to
travel
faster
Cell body
Produces
all
the
protein
for the
dendrites
,
axons
, and
synapses
& contains
specialised
organelles
such as
mitochondria
Nerve endings
Form
many
connections
(
synapses
) with
other neurons
or
effector organs
Nucleus
Controls activity
in the
neurons
Cytoplasm
Where all
chemical reactions
happen in the cell
Cell membrane
Controls
what goes
in
and
out
of the
cell