Acids and Base

• (Arrhenius Model of Acids and Bases)

  Acids - in aqueous solutions produces H+ ions
• (Arrhenius Model of Acids and Bases)

  Base - produces hydroxide ions, OH
• (Bronsted - Lowry Theory)

  Acids - is a substance that can be donated an H+ ion to another substance
• (Bronsted - Lowry Theory)

  base - can accept an H+ ion
• (Lewis Acids and Bases)

  Acids - electron pair acceptor
• (Lewis Acids and Bases)

  Base - electron pair donor
• (Conjugate Acid-Base Pair)

  Conjugate Acid - the product that forms as a result of gaining an H+ ion.
• (Conjugate Acid-Base Pair)

  Conjugate Bade - the product that forms ad result of losing an H+ ion.
• Amphoteric Substance - a substance that can act as either acid or a base.
• (Strong and Weak Acids and Bases)

  Strong acids and bases - completely ionizes or dissociates in a solution
• (Strong and Weak Acids and Bases)

  Weak acids and bases - only partially ionizes.
• (Relative Strength of Weak Acids)

  Acid Ionization Constant (Ka) - describes the equilibrium that forms when an acids reacts with water
• Measuring pH - pH = -log {H3O+}
• Measuring pOH - pHO = -log {OH-}
• buffer - is a combination of weak acud and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) in about equal concentration.
• Bicarbonate buffer system - regulates pH in the human blood stream.