digestive system actually

• what is an enzyme?

  a biological catalyst which speeds up chemical reactions
• define cell


  Basic building blocks of living things
• what are organs?


  group of tissues working together perform specific functions
• what are tissues?


  Group of cells with similar structure & function
• enzyme-controlled reactions are affected by..

  1. temperature 

  2. pH
• what does increasing temperature do to an enzyme-controlled reaction?

  it increases the rate of reaction
• what are proteins used for?

  building up cells and tissues, as well as enzymes.
• what are carbohydrates made out of?

  carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• what are lipids made out of

  3 fatty acids joined to 1 glycerol
• what are proteins made out of?

  amino acids
• what does amylase do?

  break down carbohydrates and it is produced by the salivary glands
• where are protease & lipase produced by and used in?

  the small intestine
• Food is broken down by digestive enzymes into small, soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the blood.
• function of protein?


  Protease breaks down proteins & is produced by & used in the stomach.
• where are Amylase, lipase & protease produced in?

  the pancrease
• how does the stomach make digestion efficient?

  it is acidic meaning it kills bacteria and is the optimum pH for protease enzymes
• where is bile made?

  the liver
• where is bile stored?

  gall bladder
• function of bile?


  flows into the small intestine to neutralise the hydrochloric acid from the stomach.

  • also breaks down drops of fat into smaller droplets, increasing their surface area
• The small intestine requires an alkaline environment for the enzymes here to work.
• what solution is used for the test for sugar?

  benedict's solution
• test for protein? 


  biuret reagent
• test for starch?


  iodine
• test for lipids?


  ethanol
• amylase is an enzyme that breaks down...............

  starch into glucose