History - Cold War

• The Berlin Wall was built to prevent East Germans from escaping to the West.
• The Cold War was a period of tension between USSR and USA without actually fighting
• 1st cause of the Cold War was political differences ( The USSR was communist and USA was capitalist) The differences in ideas caused fear
• 2nd cause of Cold War was the disagreements during WW2 ( Russia believed that America delayed D-Day to make Russia suffer)
• 4th cause of Cold War was the Truman Doctrine ( USA promised military support against communists, this made Stalin feel threatened)
• 3rd cause of the Cold War was the disagreements after WW2 (Stalin wanted to keep Eastern Europe under communism)
• 5th cause of the Cold War was the Marshall Plan (USA helped economic recovery in Europe after WW2 and Russia had felt left out)
• The Berlin Blockade was a period when the Soviet Union blocked all access into Berlin. Germany got split into 4 after WW2 ( British, French, USA and USSR). USA, France and Britain introduced Deutschmark. USSR then closed all water and land routes into Berlin. The only solution was to airlift food, medical supplies and fuel into Berlin through Hanover, Hamburg and Frankfurt. Cargo planes flown in 1 every 90 seconds and the Soviets disrupted them by putting weather balloons and planes in the way.
• The results of the Berlin Blockade were 1)Germany being split into 2 until 1990, west and east. 2) The formation of North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). 3) The Berlin Wall was built
• The Korean War was conflict between North and South Korea from 1950 to 1953. Korea divided along 38th parallel and North was supported by USSR and South was supported by USA. When the war began North Korea invaded South Korea and USA sent troops over to help South Korea. The US General McArthur pushed North Koreans back to Yalu River (China) then China entered war. USA then set up the Policy Of Containment (stop spread of communism) and their idea of dropping atomic bombs was rejected. After there was then peace at the 38th parallel.
• Results of the Korean War were 1) death and a huge loss of life. 2)Japan allied with America. 3) Policy Of Containment was introduced ( stop spread of communism)
• Cuban Missile Crisis was an event where Cuba became communist and the USA didn't like it so they put missiles on Turkey which made the USSR feel threatened as they could be attacked easily. Khrushchev decided to place nuclear weapons in Cuba but Kennedy found out about this and he demanded that they removed these weapons or else he would attack Cuba. Eventually Khrushchev agreed to remove the weapons if JFK promised not to invade Cuba
• Results of Cuban Missile Crisis were 1) Nuclear Test Ban Treaty signed. 2) Peaceful Coexistence policy was created. 3) Both sides realised how dangerous nukes are and how close we came to World War III
• The End of the Cold War was when Gorbachev brought the end of communism and there was a collapse of communism in late 1980s, early 1990s, The Berlin Wall came down, Soviet Union broke up and the Cold War was over.