Injectable anaesthesics

• phenol drug example?


  Propofol
• Advantages of propofol?

  • Rapid metabolism
  • rapid recovery
  • non-irritant, peri-vascularly
  • used as part of TIVA protocol as is non-cumulative.
  • Free from hangover if single dose given.
• what does TIVA stand for?

  Total intravenous anaethetia
• Disadvantages of propofol?


  May cause aponea if injected too fast.

  may cause spontanous muscle twitching

  May cause excitable recoveries.

  May cause hypotension and bradycardia
• What is alfaxalone?


  a neuroactive steroid anaesthetic
• What are advantages of alfaxalone?

  • Rapid smooth induction
  • minimal cardiorespiratory depression
  • no pain on injection
  • rapidly eliminated from body
• Disadvantages of alfaxalone?

  • Adequate pre-meds to ensure smooth induction.
  • patient must keep quiet during recovery as can cause excitement.
• What is ketamine?

  a dissociative anaesthetic.
• Advantages of ketamine?

  • has analgesic properties.
  • used as a mixture to reduce muscle hypertonicity.
  • used on aggressive dogs
• Disadvantages of ketamine?

  • poor muscle relaxation
  • I/M injection is painful
  • Causes dissociative anaesthesia so hard to monitor
  • Not to be used alone in dogs as causes excitement
  • Anaesthetic onset is slow
• Signs of dissociative anaesthesia:

  • Eyes remain open
  • Pupils are dilated
  • HR increases but BP is maintained.
  • Resp rate moderately reduces
  • Salivation and lacrimation increase
  • Protective airway reflexes are maintained.