enrishg

• Oral Communication

  A subject that focuses on effective communication through speech
• Communicative strategy


  A plan or course of action to convey information effectively
• Communicative strategies


  • Nomination
  • Restriction
  • Turn-Taking
  • Topic Control
  • Topic Shifting
  • Repair
  • Termination
• Nomination


  Presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully, and saying only what is relevant
• Nomination


  • "Have you noticed the weird weather lately? Is this because of climate change?"
• Restriction


  Restricting the discussion to the topic offered or presented
• Restriction


  • "That arrest move was a disaster waiting to happen. Do you agree?"
• Turn-taking

  The process of providing equal opportunities to all the participants to express their views to the discussion
• Turn-taking

  • "Excuse me? I think we should speak one at a time, so we can clearly understand what we want to say about the topic."
• Topic control

  Sustaining the topic for the discussion
• Topic control


  • "You said that you like milk chocolates, but you also said that dark chocolates taste good. So, do you know that all chocolates are based from a single ingredient called cacao?"
• Topic shifting

  Moving from one topic to another
• Topic shifting

  • "Thank you very much for your inputs, Sir. At this point, let me call on another panelist to lead the discussion..."
• Topic repair


  Solving problems or errors which may interrupt the discussion
• Topic repair

  • "I'm sorry, the word should be pronounced as Pretty not priti."
• Termination


  The process of closing on-going topics
• Termination


  • "I wish I could stay and talk more, but my time won't permit me. I have to go."
• Speech writing


  The art and process of conveying a message to your audience using correct punctuation and expression that can captivate and influence them
• Principles of speech writing

  • Choosing a topic
  • Analyzing the audience
  • Sourcing the information
  • Outlining and organizing the speech content
• Choosing a topic

  • Start with your basic interests
  • Review your experiences
  • Stop and look at the things around you
  • Be like a journalist
  • Watch the television or read the newspaper
  • Narrow your topic and determine your purpose
• Analyzing the audience

  • Know the area of knowledge of the audience
  • Know the feel area (emotional connection) of the audience
  • Know the do area (experiences) of the audience
• Sourcing the information


  • Evaluate the information according to apparent worth, appropriateness, interest, and availability of material
• Outlining and organizing the speech content

  • The written speech has three parts: introduction, body, conclusion
  • Traditional patterns of outlining and organizing a speech: chronological, spatial, causal, problem-solution