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• components of society


  ● Individual

  ● Family

  ● Religion

  ● Education

  ● Economic

  ● Community

  ● Social Groups

  ● Welfare

  ● Politics

  ● Eco-system
• sociology


  came from the Latin word socius – means companion and Greek word logos – means to study
• social group


  set of humans who anticipate being in some kind of interrelation
• primary group


  refers to those personal relations that are direct, face-to-face, relatively permanent, and intimate, such as the relations in a family, a group of close friends.
• secondary group


  refers to all other person-to-person relations but especially to those groups or associations, such as work groups, in which the individual is related to others through formal.
• Factors that differentiate Primary Groups from Secondary Groups:

  1. Diffuse, rather than specific or delimited
  2. Particularistic, rather than universalistic
  3. Ascription-based (i.e., based on who or what you are)
  4. Other-oriented or group-oriented, rather than self-oriented
  5. Affective or emotion-laden, rather than emotionally neutral.
• nomadic


  people who do not have a permanent home and move frequently from place to place.
• horticultural society


  one in which people subsist through the cultivation of plants for food consumption.
• industrial society


  use of power sources and machines to produce goods.
• mesopotamia


  the oldest recorded civilization.
• homo sapiens


  came from a latin word meaning “wise man”.
• suffrage


  the right to vote.
• positivism


  Auguste Comte invented the concept of positivism, he used to relay his belief that knowledge should be obtained and interpreted using systematic, scientific and objective methods.
• communist manifesto


  Karl Marx invented the concept of communism different from Comte. Creating one class of people would end the problem of continuous class struggles and cycles of revolution between the bourgeois and proletariat classes, which never lead to true reform.