Extractive

• Extractive

  • natural chemical products of biomass that are capable of being extracted by some solvents
  • it comes under physical parameter of the drug evaluation
  • it helps to indicate the nature of chemical constituents present in the drug
• Alcohol soluble extractive

  • for drugs which contain alcohol soluble constituents such as tannins, resins and alkaloids
• Alcohol

  • is a good solvent for resinous matter
• Water soluble extractive

  • applied to drugs of which one or more of the most important constituents are soluble in water
  • applied for the drugs which contain water soluble constituents such as tannins, sugars, plant acids and mucilage
  • chloroform water is used
• Ether soluble extractive

  • for extraction of volatile oils and resins
• Volatile Ether Soluble Extractive

  • applied to drugs which contain volatile oils (volatile oil, clove oil)
• Non-volatile Ether Soluble Extractive

  • applied to drugs having active constituents associated with volatile matter (resin, fixed oils coloring matter)
• Soxhlet apparatus

  • used for extraction with volatile solvents where small quantities of a drug are extracted
  • complete removal of extractive matter from a drug which requires a large quantity of solvent and most volatile solvents are extractive
• solvent for soxhlet apparatus:

  • alcohol
  • hexane
  • ether