ETHICS/PREFINAL-APPLIED ETHICS

• Applied Ethics


  Philosophically examines specific, controversial moral issues. Using philosophical methods, this area of concern in Ethics attempts to determine the ethically correct course of action in specific realms of human action.
• Applied ethical issue


  • It must be a matter of moral judgment
  • It has to be controversial, with considerable groups of people both for and against the issue
• Applied ethical issues subfields

  • Bioethics
  • Environmental ethics
  • Business ethics
  • Sexual ethics
  • Social ethics
• Bioethics


  Concerns ethical issues about life, biomedical researches, medicines, health care, and the medical profession. As such, it deals with controversies like those about surrogate mothering, genetic manipulation of fetuses, stem cell research, using human embryos in research, in-vitro fertilization, abortion, euthanasia, suicide, patient rights, confidentiality of patients' records, physician's responsibilities, and mandatory medical screening.
• Environmental ethics


  Deals with moral issues concerning nature, ecosystem, and its nonhuman contents. This includes issues such as animal rights, animal experimentation, endangered species preservation, pollution control, and sustainable development.
• Business ethics


  Examines moral principles concerning the business environment, which involves issues about corporate practices, policies, business behaviors, and the conducts and relationships of individuals in the organizations. It investigates ethical controversies such as those about the social responsibility of businesses, employee rights, harassment, labor unions, misleading advertising, job discrimination, and whistleblowing.
• Sexual ethics


  Studies moral issues about sexuality and human sexual behavior. It examines topics like homosexuality, lesbianism, polygamy, pre-marital sex, marital fidelity, extra-marital sex, non-marital procreation, loveless sexual relations, safe sex, and contraceptive use.
• Social ethics


  Deals with what is right for a society to do and how it should act as a whole. Its focus is on what may be deemed as proper behavior for people as a whole. Some of the issues under this are those about racial discrimination, death penalty, nuclear weapon production, gun control, drug use for fun, and welfare rights.