PROTOZOANS 2

• Stages of protozoan

  • Cyst - Trophozoite
• Infective stage of protozoan

  • Cyst
• Resistant stage

  • Cyst
• Motile stage

  • Trophozoite
• Feeding stage

  • Trophozoite
• Toxonomic classification of amoeba

  Kingdom: PROTISTA

  • Phylum: SARCOMASTOGOPHORA
  • Sub phylum: SARCORDINA
• Mononucleated/central karyosome nucleus

  • Entamoeba histolytica
• Mononucleated/Eccentric nucleus

  • Entamoeba coli
• 4 class of protozoan

  • Amoeba
  • Flagellate
  • Ciliate
  • Apicomplexan
• Organelle of locomotion = pseudopodia

  • Amoeba
• Organelle of locomotion = flagella

  • Flagellate
• Organelle of locomotion = cilia

  • Ciliate
• No locomotor but with apical complex for penetration

  • Apicomplexan
• Phylum and sub phylum of Amoeba

  • Sarcomastigophora
  • Sarcordina
• Sub phylum of Flagellate

  • Mastigophora
• Sub phylum of Ciliate

  • Ciliphora
• Sub phylum of Apicomplexan

  • Coccidia
• Asexual reproduction

  • Amoeba
• Both asexual and sexual reproduction

  • Apicomplexan
• Intestinal amoeba

  • Entamoeba spp.
  • Iodamoeba butschlii
• All amoeba are intestinal dwellers EXCEPT:

  • Entamoeba gingivalis
• All amoeba are Commensals EXCEPT:

  • Entamoeba histolytica
• All amoeba are Undergo encystation EXCEPT:

  • Dientamoeba fraglis
  • Entamoeba gingivalis
• Movement of E. histolytica

  • Unidirectional/progressive
• Movement of Entamoeba coli

  • Sluggish/Non-progressive
• Trophozoite:Clean looking/RBC

  • Entamoeba histolytica
• Trophozoite:Dirty looking/Bacteria

  • Entamoeba coli
• Histo =

  • Tissue
• Lytic =

  • Destroying
• Most invasive (aggressive) of the parasite in the Entamoeba family

  • Entamoeba histolytica
• Cyst:SAUSAGE- SHAPED/ CIGAR/ COFFIN - LID WITH ROUNDED ENDS

  • Entamoeba histolytica cysts
• Cyst:4-8 nuclei

  • Entamoeba coli Cyst
• Cyst:WITCH - BROOM STICK, NEEDLE - LIKE

  • Entamoeba coli Cyst
• Cyst produces a lytic substance called:

  • Hyaluronidase
• Infective stage resistant to stomach acidity

  • Cyst
• -Size: 8-22 um-Karyosome: small and central-Chromatin: Fine and evenly distributed-Cytoplasm: finely granularCytoplasmic inclusions: Chromatoid bars (rounded ends, cigar-shaped) Diffuse -glycogen mass?

  • Entamoeba histolytica cysts
• E. histolytica infection is often accompanied by:

  • Charcot-Leyden crystals
• disintegration products of eosinophils

  • Charcot-Leyden crystals
• Charcot-Leyden crystals can be seen using:

  • Trichrome staining
• MISCELLANEOUS PROCEDURES

  • ENDOSCOPY
  • LIVER ASPIRATE
  • SEROLOGICAL TEST
  • RADIOGRAPHIC NON - INVASIVE TECHNIQUES