DNA SCIENCE

• deoxyribonucleic acid is a biomolecule that has an essential role on how our cells produce proteins
• each nucleotides consists of a five carbon sugar called deoxyribose
• deoxy means without oxygen
• frederick griffith hypothesized that there is a factor that can change a harmless bacteria into a harmful one
• Oswald Avery discovered that the transforming factor is the DNA.
• Erwin Chargaff introduced the chargaff rule which is the basis of the base pairing of nucleotides.
• the four nitrogeneous bases found in a DNA is cytosine guanine adenine thymine.
• adenine and guanine are considered as purines
• cytosine and thymine are considered pyrimidines
• DNA is described as a double helix
• Replication is the process wherein DNA produces new copies of itself.
• the ribonucleic acid primer will attach to one part of the leading strand in a 5'-3'
• Okazaki fragments which will be joined together by another enzyme called DNA ligase