Biology - Organisation

• What is the Digestive System?

  Organ system breaking down food for absorption by cells
• Enzymes


  Biological catalysts that control and increase the rate of reactions
• Active site

  Uniquely shaped area on an enzyme where the substrate binds
• Denatured


  Change in enzyme structure, rendering it unable to function
• Amylase


  Enzymes converting carbohydrates into simple sugars
• Protease


  Enzymes converting proteins into amino acids
• Lipase


  Enzymes converting lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
• Bile

  Alkaline substance aiding digestion and neutralizing stomach acids
• Pacemaker


  Group of cells controlling the heart's natural resting rate
• Arteries

  Blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart
• Veins

  Blood vessels carrying blood towards the heart
• Capillaries


  Blood vessels enabling substances to move between cells
• Blood


  Composed of plasma, red/white blood cells, and platelets
• Coronary Heart Disease


  Blockage of coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart
• Stents

  Metal tubes inserted in arteries to keep them open
• Statins


  Drugs decreasing LDL cholesterol levels to prevent heart disease
• Disease


  Factor causing ill health, including diet, stress, and life situations
• Translocation in a plant

  Movement of food substances in plants
• Transpiration in a plant

  Loss of water vapor from leaves and stems of plants
• Guard cells


  Cells controlling the opening and closing of stomata