Lipids

• Lipids


  A diverse group of naturally occurring molecules that are soluble in non-polar organic solvents such as chloroform.
• Fatty acids

  Simple lipids, Building blocks for complex lipids, source of energy

  
• Monounsaturated


  Only one C=C (enoic)
• Polyunsaturated


  More than one C=C (dienoic/trienoic)
• Saturated

  No C=C bonds (anoic)
• Source of short chain fatty acids

  plants
• Triacylglycerols


  Glycerol with three fatty acid chains bonded with ester bonds.

  Main dietary source of fatty acids

  Storage form of fatty acids
• Properties of unsaturated fatty acids


  Bends in tail of unsaturated acid > Less tightly packed molecules > increased fluidity > lower melting point
• Properties of fats


  Mainly saturated fatty acids

  Tightly packed molecules

  High melting point
• Properties of oils


  Mainly saturated fatty acids

  Loosely packed molecules

  Low melting point
• Hydrogenation


  The process of making unsaturated oils and fats saturated
• Do cis or trans bonds cause bends

  Cis