Plant cell

• Plant organs


  1. Work together to make organ systems

  2. Perform various tasks a plant needs to survive and grow

  3. Transport substances around the plant
• Plant tissues


  • Epidermal tissue
  • Palisade mesophyll tissue
  • Spongy mesophyll tissue
  • Xylem and phloem
  • Meristem tissue
• Epidermal tissue


  Covers the whole plant
• Palisade mesophyll tissue


  Part of the leaf where most photosynthesis happens
• Spongy mesophyll tissue


  Also in the leaf, contains big air spaces to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells
• Xylem and phloem


  Transport water, mineral ions and food around the plant
• Meristem tissue


  Found at the growing tips of shoots and roots, able to differentiate into many plant cell types to allow growth
• The leaf is an organ made up of several types of tissue
• Tissues found in leaves

  • Epidermal
  • Mesophyll
  • Xylem
  • Phloem
• Epidermal tissues


  • Covered with a waxy cuticle to reduce water loss
  • Upper epidermis is transparent to allow light to pass through
• Palisade layer


  • Has lots of chloroplasts to be near the top of the leaf where it can get the most light
• Xylem and phloem


  • Form a network of vascular bundles to deliver water, nutrients and take away glucose
  • Help support the leaf structure
• Leaf tissues


  • Adapted for efficient gas exchange
  • Lower epidermis has stomata to allow CO2 diffusion
  • Guard cells control opening and closing of stomata
  • Air spaces in spongy mesophyll increase rate of gas diffusion