Respiration + breathing (y8)

• Structures of Respiratory System

  Trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, diaphragm, ribs, alveoli, lungs
• How do you calculate lung capacity?

  TLV - VLC = Residual volume
• How does oxygen diffuse?

  It diffuses from alveoli into blood
• How does Asthma.effect respiratory system?

  Oxygen decreases because mucus builds up and blocks airways, airways swell and cause narrowing o opening and muscles around bronchioles contract
• How does inhaler help?

  Contains medicine that helps open up airways
• Inhalation of carbon monoxidecauses..


  issues with oxygen deficiency
• Effects of smoking on respiratory system

  • Causes lung, throat and mouth cancer
  • Smoke contains carbon monoxide and particulates
  • Damages airways and alveoli, causing lung disease
• How we breathe (exhale)

  1. Ribs move in and down

  2. Diaphragm moves up and relaxes

  3. Volume inside lungs decreases

  4. Pressure inside lungs increases

  5. Air rushes out of lungs
• Vital Lung Capacity


  Volume of air expelled from the lungs
• Residual Volume


  Volume of air remaining in the lungs
• How we breathe (inhale)

  1. Ribs move out and up

  2. Diaphragm contracts and moves down

  3. Volume inside lungs increases

  4. Pressure inside lungs decreases

  5. Air rushes into lungs
• Volume


  How much space something has
• Anaerobic respirationword equation 


  Glucose → Lactic acid (+less energy released)
• Types of respiration


  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
• How does carbon dioxide diffuse?

  It diffuses from blood to alveoli
• If mia has a total lung volume of 5.2 litres and VLC of 3.4L, calculate her Residual volume


  1.8litres
• Aerobic respiration word equation

  Oxygen+ glucose -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy released)
• Aerobic respiration symbol equation

  6O2+C6H12O6->6CO2+6H20
• Anaerobic respiration plant word equation

  Glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol (+energy)
• What's respiration?


  The chemical process which releases energy as a by product
• Where does anaerobic respiration take place?


  Cytoplasm
• Where does aerobic respiration take place?

  Mitochondria
• What's fermentation?


  Anaerobic respiration In plants and yeast