cells

• what do plant cells have that animal cells don't

  cell wall - provides structure to plant

  permanent vacuole - contains cell sap

  chloroplast - site of photosynthesis
• bacterial cells (prokaryotes)


  are unicellular

  have a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm and ribosome

  have a circular strand of DNA instead of nucleus

  have plasmids - contain extra bits of DNA

  have flagella - helps them to move
• bacteria is prokaryotic
• animal, plant, fungal cells and protists are eukaryotic cells
• viruses do not count as prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells
• eukaryotic cells are 10-100x bigger than prokaryotic cells
• pathogens are organisms that cause disease
• heterotrophs


  animals that get their energy from other organisms
• give examples of heterotrophs


  humans and animals
• autotrophs

  get energy from the sun rather than other organisms
• fungi can't photosynthsise
• most fungi are saprotrophs
• saprotrophic nutrition is when a microorganism obtains nutrients from dead organic matter by secreting digestive enzymes onto the dead material
• some fungi have a body called a mycelium which is made up of hyphae
• examples of protists

  chlorella

  amoeba

  plasmodium - causes malaria
• examples of bacteria

  lactobacillus - used to make yogurt

  pneumococcus - causes pneumonia
• examples of viruses

  influenza virus - causes the flu

  HIV - causes AIDS

  tobacco mosaic virus - causes discolouration in plants