brain

• parts of the brain:

  A) corpus callosum

  B) cerebrum

  C) cerebellum

  D) spinal cord

  E) medulla oblangata

  F) pons

  G) mid brain

  H) brainstem

  I) pituitary gland

  J) hypothalamus

  K) thalamus

  
• grey matter:

  • outside
  • mainly cell bodies that control the functions of the nerve cells
• white matter:

  • axons covered with myelin sheaths along which the nerve impulse travels
• Corpus Callosum:

  • Joins 2 hemispheres of the brain, facilitates communication between them
  • 200 million axons
• Spinal cord:

  • transmits impulses from the rest of the body to the brain and back
• Hypothalamus:

  • controls thirst, hunger and body temp
  • important role in homeostasis
  • centre for emotional response and behaviour
• Cerebellum:

  • co-ordinates voluntary muscular movement
  • controls muscle tone
  • Maintains posture and balance
• Cerebrum:

  • controls voluntary muscle movement
  • emotions, personality, speech, intelligence, memory, problem solving
• Medulla Oblongata

  • structure is similar to spinal cord
  • maintains breathing and heart rate, blood pressure (reflex centre)
  • nerve fibres cross here so left side brain controls right side body
• Lobes:

  A) frontal lobe

  B) temporal lobe

  C) parietal lobe

  D) occipital lobe

  
• Frontal lobe:

  • executive functions - decisions judgement, concentration, attention, emotional responses memory
• Temporal lobe:

  • hearing - important for communication, danger risk alert, enjoyment, awareness of surroundings, balance
  • smell - important for information about surroundings, risk alert, enjoyment
• parietal lobe:

  • Taste - includes sweet, sour, bitter, salty
  • touch - includes pain, temperature, pressure, vibration
• Occipital lobe:

  • most NB sense - sight
  • placed at back of brain and under over hang of skull so very protected