Ethical issues

• informed consent

  making participants aware of the aims of the research and their rights.

  • participants should sign a consent form.
• deception

  =not deliberately misleading the participant or withholding information.

  • debrief after experiment
• right to withdraw

  = their right to leave the experiment at any time.

  • during debrief they are reminded they have a right to withdraw their data.
• protection from harm

  = participants should not be put under any physical or psychological harm.

  • should be offered counselling
• privacy and confidentiality


  = right to control information about themselves, remain anonymous.

  • keep all records anonymous
  • remind participants their results will remain confidential
• briefing


  informed consent- told what they need to do, some of the aims, how long it will last.

  participants will also need to be debriefed.